Der deutsche Exportüberschuss wird stark von den USA kritisiert. Zwar ist die deutsche Wirtschaft Vorreiter unter den EU-Mitgliedstaaten gemessen am absoluten Handelsbilanzüberschuss. Doch das Bild ändert sich, wird auch die wirtschaftliche Größe der einzelnen Länder berücksichtigt. Auch...

Exchange rate has proved its behavior in determining the country economic position in this age of globalization and trade liberalization. Therefore, this research investigates that the determinants of trade i.e. Import, export, industrial growth, consumption level and oil prices fluctuation...

The current paper aims to succinctly highlight and discuss the evolution of Romania’s foreign trade between 2002 and 2014, in relation to the process of European Union integration during the same temporal period, evolution considered under both the quantitative aspect (trade volume) and as...

In the period 2003-2014, Romania became an important source for the export of live animals (bovines and sheep), both for the intra-Community trade and for third countries. Although in the same period the imports consisted mainly of breeding animals, the balance of trade was constantly positive....

In the period 2003-2014, Romania became an important source for the export of live animals (bovines and sheep), both for the intra-Community trade and for third countries. Although in the same period the imports consisted mainly of breeding animals, the balance of trade was constantly positive....

This paper explores the key reasons behind the movements in the terms of trade and the real net gain and loss from trade in the long run. Like some selected Asian countries (Vietnam, China and South Korea) except India, the terms of trade of Bangladesh has been in falling almost continuously....

В статье исследуется динамика и структура украинского рынка услуг в контексте глобальных тенденций. Представлены результаты статистического оценивания...

In the absence of a global climate agreement, countries employ local policies to curb pollution and introduce clean energy. These policies limit domestic consumption of a traded energy source but increase exports thus improving a country’s energy balance and its balance of trade. While...

Milton Friedman argued that flexible exchange rates would facilitate external adjustment. Recent studies find surprisingly little robust evidence that they do. We argue that this is because they use composite (or aggregate) exchange rate regime classifications, which often mask very...

Over-estimated trade surplus -- On trade surplus from property rights -- Describing China's economic scale -- Foreign trade dependence and trade weighted method -- Standard for assessing exchange rate -- Stabilizing the currency and manipulating the exchange rate -- Origin and development of the...

Приводится анализ интеграционных тенденций в развитии регионов СФО, рассматриваются вопросы методологии измерения степени региональной интеграции в мировой...

This paper proposes a theory of the fiscal foundations of inflation based on imperfect knowledge and learning. The theory is similar in spirit to, but distinct from, unpleasant monetarist arithmetic and the fiscal theory of the price level. Because the assumption of imperfect knowledge breaks...

In the actual economic crisis, the financial market and the balance of trade of Romania are sensible chapters of the economic policy. The paper analyses some aspects of the financial market and also the trends of exports and imports between Romania and the major partners, on global and also on...

Environmental literature has largely neglected macroeconomic considerations, especially open economy ones. This paper develops a small country framework that seeks to address these issues. Medium- and long-run aspects are explored using standard trade and portfolio balance models, modified to...

Does exchange rate variability affect the speed of external adjustment? We study bilateral trade balances for a sample of 18 European countries over the period from 1948 through 2008. We find that, with the introduction of the euro, trade imbalances among euro area members widened considerably,...