In the period 2003-2014, Romania became an important source for the export of live animals (bovines and sheep), both for the intra-Community trade and for third countries. Although in the same period the imports consisted mainly of breeding animals, the balance of trade was constantly positive....

This paper shows that regional trade integration shifts the burden of the exchange rate adjustment towards the less integrated trading partners. Thus, they bear the cost of trade balance expansion, while competitive exchange rate moves vis-a-vis RTA trading partners result in no expansion or...

Der deutsche Exportüberschuss wird stark von den USA kritisiert. Zwar ist die deutsche Wirtschaft Vorreiter unter den EU-Mitgliedstaaten gemessen am absoluten Handelsbilanzüberschuss. Doch das Bild ändert sich, wird auch die wirtschaftliche Größe der einzelnen Länder berücksichtigt. Auch...

This Working Paper presents a brief but comprehensive graphical overview of copper contained in international trade, from copper concentrates through to finished products. Extensive data checks and a simple consolidation method were performed before visualizing the data on world maps. While data...

This paper investigates whether there is an S-Curve in Colombia using bilateral and disaggregated quarterly data for the period 1991-2014. More precisely, the short-run effects of a depreciation on the TB are analysed in 27 industries covered by the PAG Free Trade Agreement. The S-Curve found in...

This paper investigates whether there is an S-Curve in Colombia using bilateral and disaggregated quarterly data for the period 1991-2014. More precisely, the short-run effects of a depreciation on the TB are analysed in 27 industries covered by the PAG Free Trade Agreement. The S-Curve found in...

This paper shows that a regional bias resulting from trade integration alters the transmission of a countryś monetary policy by shifting the burden of the exchange rate adjustment towards the less integrated trading partners. I first develop a simple model which illustrates how a concentration...

According to the conventional wisdom, "peripheral" Southern European countries members of the euro area (Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain) suffer from a problem of competitiveness. Since devaluation is not possible because they are part of the euro, the adjustment should come through...

Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) economies have had the highest degree of dependency on received remittances worldwide over the last three decades. The region has also had the highest non-oil external trade balance deficit among developing countries. We examine the role of remittances in...

According to conventional wisdom, “peripheral” Southern European members of the euro area (Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain) suffer from a problem of competitiveness. Since their membership of the euro area renders devaluation impossible, adjustment should come through decreasing wages and...

Over-estimated trade surplus -- On trade surplus from property rights -- Describing China's economic scale -- Foreign trade dependence and trade weighted method -- Standard for assessing exchange rate -- Stabilizing the currency and manipulating the exchange rate -- Origin and development of the...

This paper explores the key reasons behind the movements in the terms of trade and the real net gain and loss from trade in the long run. Like some selected Asian countries (Vietnam, China and South Korea) except India, the terms of trade of Bangladesh has been in falling almost continuously....

In the period 2003-2014, Romania became an important source for the export of live animals (bovines and sheep), both for the intra-Community trade and for third countries. Although in the same period the imports consisted mainly of breeding animals, the balance of trade was constantly positive....

Exchange rate has proved its behavior in determining the country economic position in this age of globalization and trade liberalization. Therefore, this research investigates that the determinants of trade i.e. Import, export, industrial growth, consumption level and oil prices fluctuation...

The current paper aims to succinctly highlight and discuss the evolution of Romania’s foreign trade between 2002 and 2014, in relation to the process of European Union integration during the same temporal period, evolution considered under both the quantitative aspect (trade volume) and as...

This paper empirically examines the long-run pass through of the official exchange rates into trade balance in Nigeria by means of threshold cointegration and asymmetric error correction modeling. The study provides evidence for non-linear cointegration between our variables of interest. The...

In this paper, I find (1) that Japan showed massive and persistent current account surpluses from at least 1981 and until at least 2011, (2) that Professor Ronald McKinnon was correct, at least in the case of Japan, and that these large and persistent current account surpluses were due primarily...