Russia has witnessed a high number of bank failures over the last two decades. Using monthly data for 2002-2020, spanning four election cycles, we test the hypothesis that bank failures are less likely before presidential elections. We find that bank failures are less likely to occur in the...

Bank survival is essential to economic growth and development because banks mediate the financing of the economy. A bank's overall condition is often assessed by a supervisory rating system called CAMELS, an acronym for the components Capital adequacy, Asset quality, Management quality,...

Russia has witnessed a high number of bank failures over the last two decades. Using monthly data for 2002-2020, spanning four election cycles, we test the hypothesis that bank failures are less likely before presidential elections. We find that bank failures are less likely to occur in the...

In this paper, we investigate whether the liquidity support from the 2008 quantitative easing (QE) influenced the capital structures of large firms. We find that large firms generally increased their proportions of debt financing and leverage ratios during QE. Among small firms, only those with...

This paper examines prediction of U.S. bank failure with a probit model that uses bias-corrected technical efficiency estimated using bootstrap data envelopment analysis as the measure of management quality. The model is tested on a sample of failed and non-failed banks during the sub-prime...

We develop a model of banking industry dynamics to study the quantitative impact of regulatory policies on bank risk taking and market structure as well as the feedback effect of market structure on the efficacy of policy. Since our model is matched to U.S. data, we propose a market structure...

We analyze the problem of a policy authority (PA) that must decide when to resolve a troubled bank whose underlying solvency is uncertain. Delaying resolution increases the chance that information arrives that reveals the bank's true solvency state. However, delaying resolution also gives...

We use the German Crisis of 1931, a key event of the Great Depression, to study how depositors behave during a bank run in the absence of deposit insurance. We find that deposits decline by around 20 percent during the run and that there is an equal outflow of retail and nonfinancial wholesale...

This paper argues that in the European Union (EU) deposit insurance funds are too difficult to use in bank resolution and too easy to use outside resolution. The paper proposes reforms in three areas for the effective management of bank failures of small and medium-sized banks in the European...

We study how heterogeneity in banks’ asset holdings affects fragility. In the model, banks face a risk of bank runs and have to liquidate long-term assets in a common market to repay runners. Liquidation prices are depressed when many banks sell their assets at the same time. When banks are...

Policymakers across countries have been seeking to strengthen the institutional framework to control fiscal costs and feedback effects to the real economy generated by bank failures. On a cross-section of countries, we find evidence that suggests that bank supervisors’ intervention in bank...

We analyze the determinants of individual bank failures arising from solvency and liquidity shortages in a stylized banking system following Krause and Giansante (2012) where banks are characterized by the amount of capital, cash reserves and their exposure to the interbank loan market as...

The fall of LTCM (Long Term Capital Management) and Lehman Brothers remain some of the most debated topics in modern financial history. Following the Russian financial crisis of 1998, LTCM, a new but prominent hedge fund, found itself on the edge of bankruptcy. However, LTCM was ‘saved’ in a...

Using a proprietary database of failed bank auction participants, I examine whether acquiring a failed bank creates shareholder value by using the losers' post-acquisition performance as a counterfactual. In the three years post-acquisition, acquirers with Shared-Loss Agreements (SLAs), where...

Do the biggest tech companies have a bond funding edge? Are they the new "Too-Big-to-Fail" (TBTF)? TBTF represents, among other things, the idea that the biggest firms (usually banks) receive an unfair funding advantage over smaller ones in the bond market. By investigating the tech financial...

This paper looks into the challenges ahead for deposit insurers and underscores the urgency of testing contingency planning and crisis management frameworks at national and system-wide levels, and the importance of communication, cooperation and coordination at home and abroad.• Financial...

Roughly eight years after the adoption of its legal basis, an assessment of the Single Resolution Mechanism remains difficult. With only one resolution case completed so far, a substantial part of the resolution framework has not yet been tested. While the recent inauguration of the European...

Do the biggest tech companies have a bond funding edge? Are they the new ”Too-Big-to-Fail” (TBTF)? TBTF represents, among other things, the idea that the biggest firms (usually banks) receive an unfair funding advantage over smaller ones in the bond market. By investigating the tech...

This paper studies the relationship between the asset-liability mismatch and the losses on bank failures over the last 20 years in the U.S. banking system. We first develop a simple theoretical model in which banks can choose to misreport their losses to the regulator if they draw sufficiently...

We investigate how liquidity regulations affect banks by examining a dormant monetary policy tool that functions as a liquidity regulation. Our identification strategy uses a regression kink design that relies on the variation in a marginal high-quality liquid asset (HQLA) requirement around an...

Bank survival is essential to economic growth and development because banks mediate the financing of the economy. A bank's overall condition is often assessed by a supervisory rating system called CAMELS, an acronym for the components Capital adequacy, Asset quality, Management quality,...

The crisis management framework for banks in the European Union (EU) requires the resolution authorities to identify the existence of a public interest to resolve an ailing bank, rather than to open normal insolvency proceedings (NIPs). The Public Interest Assessment (PIA) determines whether...

In this paper we employ a novel identification scheme to show the causal effect of negative shocks to banks on the real economy. The identification is based on exploiting distressed mergers of German savings banks. We show that these mergers represent exogenous shocks to the (initially...

olution. On the basis of responses to a survey of 32 IADI members, the paper takes stock of the types of alternative measures that DIS may fund. These include purchase and assumption transactions; the transfer of deposits – and, possibly, other business – to a bridge bank; and provision of...

We study financial stability with constraints on central bank intervention. We show that a forced reallocation of liquidity across banks can achieve fewer bank failures than a decentralized market for interbank loans, reflecting a pecuniary externality in the decentralized equilibrium....

This paper provides novel evidence that consumers react in response to privacy violations, where their personally identifiable information is exposed to unauthorized parties. Exploring privacy breach incidences of U.S. banks, we find that depositors reallocate significant wealth holdings away...

High risk banking practices were a central factor of the financial crisis of 2007-2008 and the world is still feeling the aftershocks. Sovereign debt, austerity, and the degradation of social benefits, employee rights, and even the democratic framework of sovereign nations have been only some of...

Upsurge in bank failure cases under a more stable currency environment are rare, but the Zimbabwean case raised a lot of questions, which justified the need to deeply investigate sources of bank failures. This is considered an imperative move considering the impact that bank failures pose to...

The framework for bank crisis management in the Banking Union (BU) complies with multiple criteria. Each of these criteria is based on a sound policy rationale; however, when combined, they can generate unintended consequences that undermine the effectiveness of the system, highlighting a case of...

This review essay examines whether too-big-to-fail is as serious a problem as Gary Stern and Ron Feldman contend. This essay argues that Stern and Feldman overstate the importance of the too-big-to-fail problem and do not give enough credit to the FDICIA legislation of 1991 for improving bank...