This paper develops a welfare and public economics perspective on optimal policies for carbon removal and storage (CDR) in permanent and non-permanent sinks. Non-permanent CDR reduces mitigation costs, even though the stored carbon is released into the atmosphere eventually. It may serve as...

Residual waste is no longer just ‘trash’ in the UK – it is a strategic climate resource. This new OIES study shows why policymakers and industry leaders need to rethink where it goes. The paper compares two competing pathways: using waste in Energy-from-Waste plants with carbon capture...

We study optimal climate policy in a global economy where regions differ in wealth and climate vulnerability. Carbon emissions from production lead to output losses, and there is a technology for emissions absorption. We provide an aggregation result: the model with heterogeneity can be cast...

The competition for carbon capture, storage, and utilisation is intensifying. Historically dominated by North America, the lead in this technology is now being seized by key players across Asia - reaching from Saudi Arabia to Japan. Unlike traditional energy (transition) geopolitics, this new...

Energy-from-waste (EfW) is a waste treatment process that combusts residual waste after re-use, recycling and composting to produce energy in the form of electricity and/or heat. In the UK, the EfW sector contributes around 3% of total national power output, but also 3.5% of overall territorial...

This paper develops a welfare and public economics perspective on optimal policies for carbon removal and storage (CDR) in permanent and non-permanent sinks. Non-permanent CDR reduces mitigation costs, even though the stored carbon is released into the atmosphere eventually. It may serve as...

Formulating decarbonisation strategies with carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies, as well as integration of an environmental, social, and governance (ESG) strategy into the core business of multinational companies, are highly debated research areas. The former would bring...

Public acceptance has influenced the evolution of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in Europe. To study the mechanisms behind this, we use evolutionary game theory where the governmental policy towards CCS, such as subsidies to the industry, is dependent on public acceptance. Public acceptance...

As climate negotiators gathered in Belém for the 30th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP30), the surrounding rainforest was in the spotlight, with COP30 being dubbed a “forest COP”. As one of its key projects, the Brazilian government...

This paper develops a welfare and public economics perspective on optimal policies for carbon removal and storage (CDR) in permanent and non-permanent sinks. Non-permanent CDR reduces mitigation costs, even though the stored carbon is released into the atmosphere eventually. It may serve as...

Climate change damages vary across countries, because of regional variation in climate metrics like temperature and regional variation in economic exposure. This is evident in the breakdown of the social cost of carbon: the country social cost of carbon (CSCC). While for the former a large...

Reaching carbon neutrality necessitates radical changes in terms of energy sources and industrial technologies. Some industries such as cement and lime emit significant amounts of process emissions, which will continue to be generated regardless of the type of energy source employed. One way to...

The risk of opposition from the population increasingly plays a role in choosing the climate policy measures to achieve the objective to substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In Norway, there is a long-standing cross-party consensus that the development of new technologies will be...

Waste-to-energy (WtE) is a waste treatment process that incinerates waste to produce energy in the form of electricity and/or heat. WtE is considered one of the most environmentally-friendly methods of dealing with residual waste. The alternative to this process is waste dumping or landfilling,...

This note examines the state of carbon farming (CF) policies in the European Union (EU), highlighting their potential to deliver significant public benefits, such as improved soil health, air quality, and climate mitigation. The existing mechanisms for encouraging carbon sequestration and...

The South African government has proven its commitment to the reduction of anthropogenic carbon emissions by unveiling the carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) pilot demonstration research site on August 30, 2024. The CCUS approach is to form part of the Integrated Resource Plan as...

This study aims to evaluate the development quality of marine carbon sinks in China's coastal regions under the strategic background of the "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" initiative, while identifying regional disparities and multidimensional driving factors to support high-quality marine...

This paper studies the adoption of clean technology in an oligopolistic setting, focusing on carbon capture and storage (CCS) in the cement sector. Firms can choose between two technologies: a carbon-intensive ("dirty") technology and a low-carbon ("clean") one. Initially, all firms operate with...

Whereas hydrogen is currently a marginal energy carrier, the aim of the EU is to trigger low-carbon hydrogen production that covers around 10 percent of EU’s energy needs by 2050. If this comes true, it will be an energy revolution. We study competition between green and blue hydrogen by...

Because of its important role in China, many scholars have addressed the decarbonization of the Yangtze River Delta Region (YRDR). However, little work has been conducted on appropriate ways to transform the YRDR power system into a carbon-neutral system. This study develops an optimization...

This report provides a description of the land use, land use change, and forestry (LULUCF) sector, as a relatively new sector in EU climate governance. It assesses the sector in terms of reported GHG emissions and removals, based on information provided in the latest EU greenhouse gas...

In the discussions being held at EU level about the 2040 mitigation target, the role of international credits has recently taken centre stage. The new momentum in those discussions is due in part to the German government having announced its support for a mitigation target of a net 90 per cent...

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is no silver bullet but could be a nugget of gold. It is a way to ensure that strategic industries can be both decarbonised and kept in Europe. The EU should instrumentalise the technology to become the world's carbon banking hub and setter of the global CO2...

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is no silver bullet but could be a nugget of gold. It is a way to ensure that strategic industries can be both decarbonised and kept in Europe. The EU should instrumentalise the technology to become the world's carbon banking hub and setter of the global CO2...

Central Asian economies, particularly Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, are pursuing increasingly ambitious goals for renewable energy. Apart from China - an established player in the market - it has increasingly been Gulf countries that have been implementing respective projects, particularly Saudi...

In diesem Zukunftsimpuls beleuchten Forschende des Wuppertal Instituts das geplante Kohlenstoffmanagement in Deutschland umfassend und praxisnah: Nach einer kompakten Einführung in das Thema – inklusive Lessons Learned aus früheren Debatten – legen sie eine grundlegende Einschätzung...

Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU) is one of the more mature approaches to carbon neutrality, yet simultaneously one of the least understood or categorically defined. This paper intends to provide a broad-based overview of CCU, as well as a deeper dive that will incorporate scalability, market...