Im November 2000 fand in Österreich die Versteigerung von Frequenzen für die dritte Mobilfunkgeneration (UMTS) statt. Zuvor waren bei den UMTS-Auktionen in Großbritannien und Deutschland die höchsten jemals bei einer Auktion erreichten Erlöse erzielt worden. Nicht zuletzt deshalb rückte...

Pacts for employment and competitiveness are an integral component of the ongoing process of decentralization of collective bargaining in Germany, a phenomenon that has been hailed as key to that nation's economic resurgence. Yet little is known about the effects of pacts on firm performance....

Over the last two decades, trade union membership in Central and Eastern Europe has been in continuous decline and there is a common perception that trade unions in the region are weak. However, little is known about the actual relevance of trade unions for individual workers in the...

The rapid rise in global fragmentation - foreign investment, global supply chains, and 'production sharing' - is fundamentally reshaping the multilateral trading system. This paper uses a simple economic modeling framework to understand how the global fragmentation phenomenon may reshape the...

This paper analyzes the experience, high incidence, lesson learned and reflections on the issue renegotiations in Latin America, based in the evolution of PPP contracts through the last 25 years. The paper also shows how countries via new PPP laws, regulations, norms and specific platforms can...

Outsourcing public provision of services tends to lower labor intensity and increase its efficiency. Costs are usually lower, but quality problems can affect services like health care and residential youth care. Consumer choice has stimulated innovation in education, but the picture is ambiguous...

Исследованы существующие подходы инновационной деятельности железнодорожного транспорта Украины, и определены более действенные в современных условиях...

В статье обосновывается необходимость перехода к формированию тарифов на централизованное водоснабжение и водоотведение на принципах стимулирующего...

Coming out of a centralized system, faced with a small market which would not be able to create economies of scale, much competition from the other Western Balkan states, political challenges on strategies for attracting foreign investments, poor government budget, informal economy, Albania was...

Introduction : law, land and power : treaty ports and concessions in modern China / Robert Bickers and Isabbella Jackson -- Extraterritoriality in China : what we know and what we don't know / Pèar Cassel -- Who ran the treaty ports? A study of the Shanghai municipal council / Isabella Jackson...

Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert die Vor- und Nachteile alternativer Allokationsmechanismen für das 900- und 1800-MHz-Frequenzspektrum, dessen Nutzungsrechte Ende 2016 auslaufen. Im Wesentlichen bestehen zwei Optionen. Zum einen die Möglichkeit der Verlängerung der aktuellen Nutzungsrechte,...