The Integrated Postsecondary Data System contains a rich set of information about U.S. colleges and universities. As part of this information, institutions can identify a ``custom comparison group'' of peer institutions. 80% of the nearly 1500 institutions we consider in this work provided such...

This paper evaluates the basic principles of the cumulative causation concept and why it is thus vital to our understanding of uneven regional development and its impact on economic geography. Moreover, this paper examines how it differs from different mechanisms that plan to interpret how...

In this paper, we revisit the study of an optimal risk management strategy for an insurer who wants to maximize the expected utility by purchasing reinsurance and managing reinsurance counterparty risk with a default-free hedging instrument, where the reinsurance premium is calculated by the...

This research article provides criticism and arguments why the canonical framework for derivatives pricing is incomplete and why the delta-hedging approach is not appropriate. An argument is put forward, based on the efficient market hypothesis, why a proper risk-adjusted discount rate should...

The inefficient pricing of the CDS (credit default swap) market has been considered as one of the main causes of the Global Financial Crisis. As price discovery is theoretically related to liquidity, this has been considered a source of mispricing in this over-the-counter market. However the CDS...

The Swaps index (Apesteguia and Ballester, 2015) is a popular measure of rationality in the revealed preferences literature. In this note, we show a connection between the Swaps index and the Kemeny rule, a well-known method of preference aggregation in social choice theory. Our new...

On August 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an Accounting Standards Update (ASU) is intended to improve accounting for hedging activities and enhance derivative usage transparency. In this paper, I examine whether banks change the accounting designation of derivatives...

Within the past decade, the EU has made significant steps in strengthening and harmonising the legal framework of capital markets. Despite passing and amending secondary legislation on this topic, it only partially addressed the issue of enforcement, leaving private enforcement an issue for its...

In 2008, first suspicions arose that the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) had been systematically manipulated by financial institutions involved with its fixing; in June 2012, several major international banks officially admitted to this. The regulatory response could not have been...

I present an analytical formula for the value of the jth tranche (of N tranches) that grants the holder ownership of the jth bond to default for the simplest case of a collateralized debt obligation (CDO) backed by N (typically 125 for many actual securities) zero-coupon bonds that all have the...

Perpetual futures -- swap contracts that never expire -- are by far the most popular derivative traded in cryptocurrency markets, with more than $100 billion traded daily. Perpetuals provide investors with leveraged exposure to cryptocurrencies, which does not require rollover or direct...

Motivated by the continued debate about the costs and benefits of mandatory recognition and disclosure of derivative instruments and hedging activities as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 133 (SFAS 133), we investigate whether SFAS 133 influences firms' income smoothing...

In everyday life, people in general often carry out transactions either directly or indirectly. The following will be studied in this paper regarding derivative transactions and foreign currency, this is due to the lack of knowledge of the Indonesian people about the derivative transactions...

This study investigates the intraday realized volatility (RV) forecasting of gold futures in China. To predict the RV in the last half an hour before the day trading close (LH), we decompose the whole trading period into several intervals. RVs in day trading intervals can predict the RV in LH,...

We extract implied price densities from wheat derivative prices during the first seven months of the Ukrainian war. Differences between short- and longterm densities indicate that market expectations about the duration of the conflict changed over time. Under simplifying assumptions, we...

The financial sector globally faces challenges informed of financial risks that this desktop study looked into from a Kenyan perspective. The derivatives have been used to manage these financial risks to mention but a few, tariff wars, block-chain, quantum computing, the existence of shadow...

In 2008, first suspicions arose that the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) had been systematically manipulated by financial institutions involved with its fixing; in June 2012, several major international banks officially admitted to this. The regulatory response could not have been...

This paper presents a joint analysis of the term structure of credit default swap (CDS) spreads and the implied volatility surface. The rapid development of the CDS market has provided convenient products to extract credit risk, and its interaction with equity volatility has been analyzed in...

When pricing options, correctly modelling the dynamics of the underlying stock process, by accounting for all market specificities, is a challenge. In the case of daily price limits, the difficulties arise due to the market boundary conditions restricting the dynamics of stock prices within a...

We analyze how speculative financial innovation affects stock prices, risk premiums, market liquidity, and investor welfare in an economy with heterogeneous beliefs. When investors disagree about the covariance of the newly introduced stocks with the original stocks, we show that financial...

Design/methodology/approach: This study uses data on all U.S. public firms over the period from 1990 to 2019. The authors mainly apply multivariate regression and a difference-in-difference approach to test their hypotheses.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how changes in the...

Purpose - The objective of the present study is to examine the value relevance of accounting information presented by Brazilian banks. Design/methodology/approach - The studied sample derived from Brazil’s Stock Exchange, B3, under the banking segment, resulting in a group of 24 publicly...

During the March 2020 market turmoil, euro area money-market funds (MMFs) experienced significant outflows, reaching almost 8% of assets under management. This paper investigates whether the volatility in MMF flows was driven by investors' liquidity needs related to derivative margin payments....

Can banks trade credit default swaps (CDSs) referenced on their current corporate clients at competitive prices, or are banks penalized for potentially holding private information? To answer this question we merge CDS trades reported under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR)...

We explain the evolution of the volatility market and present the infamous day of 'Volmageddon' as an insightful case study. Our survey focuses on the pricing and trading of volatility linked assets, highlighting the impact of mechanical hedging in markets for futures and higher-order...

This study proposes a new fractional mathematical model to study the impact of vaccination on COVID-19 outbreaks by categorizing infected people into non-vaccinated, first dose-vaccinated, and second dose-vaccinated groups and exploring the transmission dynamics of the disease outbreaks. We...

The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on inflation-adjusted bonds, swaps, and derivatives. The methodology for valuation and risk management of these securities is an application of the foreign currency extension of a standard HJM term structure model. The two “currencies” in...

The objectives of option hedging/trading extend beyond mere protection against downside risks, with a desire to seek gains also driving agent's strategies. In this study, we showcase the potential of robust risk-aware reinforcement learning (RL) in mitigating the risks associated with...

This study investigates the value of two variance components and variance jumps in the pricing of VIX derivatives. In an attempt to significantly reduce the computational burden, we propose an efficient numerical technique for the pricing of VIX derivatives under the affine framework. Our...

We seek to estimate a portfolio of option prices in an entirely data driven way, at any future time, for trading and risk management purposes in a model independent way. We do not know the model driving the dynamics of the actual stock prices, but only observe discretely their evolution in the...