Au cours des deux dernières décennies, l’économie de Djibouti a connu une croissance remarquable, atteignant le statut de pays à revenu intermédiaire de la tranche inférieure. Toutefois, ces résultats remarquables ont été obtenus malgré la persistance de contraintes structurelles,...

Based on a Human Capital Index (HCI) simulation, it is projected that a Djiboutian born in 2022 will achieve only 41 percent (HCI of 0.41) of their full human capital potential by the age of 18. This means that 59 percent of talent in Djibouti remains untapped, highlighting a missed opportunity...

"Trade Policy Reviews" analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat, a report by the government, and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO's Trade Policy Review Body. The opening...

In some developing countries, women's labor force participation remains persistently low. This gives rise to questions regarding what types of employment opportunities or interventions can draw women into work in such contexts. In this study in urban Djibouti, with restrictive gender norms and...

The document collection focuses on the implementation of GovTech solutions in a small country with a strategic location, aiming to improve its customs administration system. The country heavily relies on international trade, particularly as a corridor for neighboring landlocked nations. Despite...

The Country Opinion Survey in Djibouti assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Djibouti perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector,...

Following years of high growth led by public investment, consecutive exogeneous shocks have weighed heavily on Djibouti's economy and on its debt. Nonetheless, with the peace deal in Ethiopia, growth rebounded strongly in 2023. The normalization of the external environment together with...

GovTech is a whole-of-government approach that promotes simple, efficient and transparent government with the citizen at the center of reforms. While earlier e-government programs focused on building IT systems for public administration and moving services online that often remained analog in...

Djibouti has experienced a record of strong economic growth and has made considerable progress in various developmental indicators in recent years. Despite this important progress, major challenges remain as Djibouti's development has not been equitable nor inclusive, including from a gender...

Emmanuel Macron hat während seiner ersten Amtszeit (2017-2022) versucht, sich von altbekannten, weithin kritisierten Mustern französischer Afrikapolitik abzusetzen. Er diversifizierte die Beziehungen zu Afrika in regionaler und inhaltlicher Hinsicht, integrierte nicht-staatliche Akteure und...

This study examined the association between human activities and precipitation in dry areas, focusing on the nomadic people in Djibouti. Using satellite-based information, we found that nighttime lights increased in response to increasing precipitation near wadis, which are potential points of...

Djibouti's economic activity has slowed since the beginning of 2022, after the rebound observed in 2021. Fiscal pressure has increased as a result of measures to mitigate the impact of the war in Ukraine, worsening drought, and a sharp increase in debt service in 2022. Rising international...

An external sector statistics (ESS) mission visited Djibouti from January 26-30, 2020. This was the fourth mission under the JSA/AFR project to improve ESS in 17 Francophone African countries. The mission found that significant data on direct investment (DI) have not been incorporated in either...

The third round of data collection on monitoring of socio-economic impacts of the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic in Djibouti followed urban national households based on two previous waves of data collection as well as a replacement sub-sample. This round also includes a refugee sub-sample,...

Severely impacted by the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, Djibouti's economic activity has shown signs of recovery in 2021.This first edition of the Djibouti Economic Monitor (DEM) launches a program of reports with semi-annual frequency that analyze the trends and constraints to...

This note illustrates the multidimensional nature of poverty in Djibouti. The authors use the multidimensional poverty index (MPI), which captures several welfare dimensions - monetary poverty, education, and access to basic infrastructure - to compare the extent to which different populations...

This paper highlights Djibouti's Requests for Disbursement Under the Rapid Credit Facility and Debt Relief Under the Catastrophe Containment and Relief Trust. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is having a severe impact on Djibouti, creating urgent balance of payments and fiscal financing...

Islamic Finance is a growing rapidly across Africa, where around 40% of the population is Muslims and is now offered across 21 African countries, with one country leading the pack – Djibouti. Djibouti can be referred as ‘logistical and financial hub for East Africa' due to its fast-growing...

Djibouti is very well placed, as a landing site of undersea fiber optic cables, to benefit from the digital economy. However, the prevalence of a single national telecom operator in the country has stifled service delivery and innovation in the telecom sector. Mobile broadband coverage and...

This Technical Assistance Report on Djibouti provides details of IMF mission to aid on the financial soundness indicators (FSI). The mission achieved the said objectives and assisted the Banking Supervision Unit (BSU) officials in the preparation of the FSI production files and the development...

This 2019 Article IV Consultation with Djibouti discusses that large-scale infrastructure investments and a rapid expansion of trade and logistics activities have fueled strong growth in recent years. The government has in recent years implemented large-scale investments to develop transport and...

This paper reviews the significant macro-fiscal challenges posed by climate change inDjibouti and the costs of mitigation and adaptation policies. The paper concludes thatDjibouti is susceptible to climate change and related costs are potentially large. Investingnow in adaptation and mitigation...

This paper reviews the significant macro-fiscal challenges posed by climate change in Djibouti and the costs of mitigation and adaptation policies. The paper concludes that Djibouti is susceptible to climate change and related costs are potentially large. Investing now in adaptation and...

The paper reviews Djibouti's macroeconomic reforms aimed at achieving middle-income status as envisaged in Vision Djibouti 2035, the authorities' development strategy. In this context, the paper reviews policy options available to the authorities in three critical reform areas: translating the...

The paper suggests an operationally usable framework for the evaluation of growthinclusiveness-the inclusive growth framework (IGF). Based on the data on growth, poverty,and inequality, the framework allows for the quantitative assessment of growth inclusiveness.The assessment relies on the...

This 2016 Article IV Consultation highlights Djibouti's expansion of its transportation and utilities infrastructure to leverage its strategic location as a shipping hub and host to military bases. The authorities' development strategy, Vision Djibouti 2035, aims to transform the country into a...

The paper suggests an operationally usable framework for the evaluation of growth inclusiveness-the inclusive growth framework (IGF). Based on the data on growth, poverty, and inequality, the framework allows for the quantitative assessment of growth inclusiveness. The assessment relies on the...

The paper reviews Djibouti's macroeconomic reforms aimed at achieving middle-income status as envisaged in Vision Djibouti 2035, the authorities' development strategy. In this context, the paper reviews policy options available to the authorities in three critical reform areas: translating the...

The paper examines the poverty-reducing and distributional characteristics of Djibouti's economic growth, and discusses policies that might help make growth more inclusive. It covers the period between 2002 and 2013, for which comparable household surveys are available. The main findings are...

When Ismael Omar Guelleh became President of Djibouti in 1999, there were strong indications that the country was headed in a more democratic direction. Despite these indications, the period since has seen the Guelleh regime use heavy-handed tactics to repress dissent. Based on an examination of...

This 2015 Article IV Consultation highlights that Djibouti's economic growth, driven by large investment projects, continued its rapid pace in 2014. Aggregate investment reached 44 percent of GDP in 2014 and is expected to peak at 57 percent in 2015-16. GDP growth is expected to rise from 6...

This Selected Issues paper discusses the fiscal reforms needed for fiscal sustainability and inclusive growth in Djibouti. Djibouti is experiencing a predominantly debt-financed scaling up of public investment, which the authorities consider vital to boost growth and reduce widespread poverty...

Limited fiscal space limits Djibouti's ability to meet the Millennium Development Goals and improve the living conditions of its population. Djibouti's fiscal structure is unique in that almost 70 percent of government revenue is denominated in foreign currency (import taxes, foreign aid grants,...