The last two decades have witnessed that countries across the world are guided by the rules and regulations of multilateral trading institutions (for example, World Trade organization [WTO], International Monetary Fund [IMF]) in order to promote free and fair trade through gradual reduction in...

In 1993, the WTO negotiations to create a working group of experts from the Max Planck Institute (Germany), proposed the establishment of an International Antitrust Code. This code was intended to pursue the creation of a competition laws based on a "minimum standard", the substantive...

In several countries, public healthcare providers purchase services from private providers to shorten waiting times. Some private providers in turn combine public service with practice in their own facilities. According to the existing literature, they are viewed as cream-skimming profitable...

Antes que china se adhiriera a la OMC México adopto cuotas compensatorias a diversos productos chinos con el fin de proteger a los sectores mas vulnerables frente a la competencia desleal de china, dichas cuotas fueron impugnadas con el ingreso de china a dicho organismo internacional en el...

Según el artículo 28 de la ley de comercio exterior dicta que una práctica desleal de comercio exterior es la importación de mercancías en condiciones de discriminación de precios o subvenciones en el país exportador ya sea de origen o de procedencia, los cuales puedan causar daño a...

This paper estimates the impact of economic conditions in foreign industries on the filing of antidumping petitions by US industries and the US government's decision in preliminary and final antidumping investigations. Exploiting cross-country variation in economic shocks in manufacturing, I...

This paper presents entropy generation minimisation model of combined heat and power system. The turbine control valves and heater throttle valves were analysed. The high-pressure control valves regulate the mass flow rate of steam into the turbine, whereas the intermediate-pressure and...

The report identifies concerns with the EU anti-dumping instrument, as applied today, regardless of the fact that the investigation procedures and methods might be in line with the current regulation and practice. The report's arguments are based on the recent anti-dumping investigation – and...

El dumping es un fenómeno mucho más complejo que lo que se estudia hoy en día. Pese a ser denostado, en el se basan todas las fuerzas de lucha contra las plusvalías del comercio, y por eso no es tan ilegitimo, aunque lo parezca, y a mí también me lo parece. Como todo esta teoría nos surge...

The last two decades have witnessed that countries across the world are guided by the rules and regulations of multilateral trading institutions (for example, World Trade Organization [WTO], International Monetary Fund [IMF]) in order to promote free and fair trade through gradual reduction in...

In this paper we examine an alternative policy scenario, where governments allow polluting firms to trade permits in a strategic environmental policy model. We demonstrate, among other things, that with no market power in the permits market, governments of the exporting firms do not have an...

After an extended process of reform the European Union has introduced direct payments to farmers which are decoupled from production decisions as a central element of its Common Agricultural Policy. They are also referred to as Single Farm Payments. In this paper we analyze the production and...

This study covers the history of Sino-US trade relations with a particular focus on the past decade, during which time each has been a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Providing a brief history of 19th and 20th century economic relations, this paper examines in detail the trade...

In this paper we examine an alternative policy scenario, where governments allow polluting firms to trade permits in a strategic environmental policy model. We demonstrate, among other things, that with no market power in the permits market, governments of the exporting firms do not have an...

After an extended process of reform the European Union has introduced direct payments to farmers which are decoupled from production decisions as a central element of its Common Agricultural Policy. They are also referred to as Single Farm Payments. In this paper we analyze the production and...

We build a simple theoretical model to understand why developing and transition economies have increasingly applied anti-dumping laws. To that end, we investigate the strategic incentives of oligopolistic exporting firms to undertake dumping in these economies. We show that dumping may be due to...

This paper develops a real options model of export with imperfect exchange rate pass-through to investigate the relationship between exchange rate movements and dumping activity. It is found that exchange rate level as well as its trend and volatility have an asymmetric effect on dumping...

This paper estimates the impact of economic conditions in foreign industries on the filing of antidumping petitions by US industries and the US government’s decision in preliminary and final antidumping investigations. Exploiting cross-country variation in economic shocks in manufacturing, I...

To impose antidumping duties consistently with the WTO, a national antidumping authority must show that the dumping has caused injury to the domestic industry producing a like product. Antidumping methodology splits this requirement into two component questions: a. does the local industry...

The United States and other countries enforce their antidumping regulations in roughly the same way. There is a difference, however. The United States–but not other countries--now uses ‘zeroing’ in its determination of whether imports are dumped. The use of ‘zeroing’ will almost always...

Almost all countries have antidumping laws which regulate their imports. The United States and other countries enforce these laws within the terms of the World Trade Organization ("WTO"). There is a difference between U.S. enforcement and the enforcement approach of other countries, however. The...