Electronic money has evolved in one of the relevant ways to achieve electronic payment, that is, a form of payment with significantly lower online transactions. The idea for the development of the above has consolidated the segment of retaining all the favourable characteristics of cash while...

Will the widespread use of cashless payments reduce the frequency of the use of cash payments? This question is important because the major costs of cash use are fixed costs that would only be reduced if the frequency of cash payments substantially decreased, and thus the extent of the reduction...

This paper aims to ascertain the determinants by which individuals decide to use credit cards as a payment method rather than cash; that is, to understand changes in socioeconomic factors on the long-term use of alternatives to cash. Using the data from the waves (2002-2017) of the Spanish...

This paper investigates the effect of electronic payments technology on firms’ tax compliance in a large developing economy. We consider India’s demonetization policy which, by limiting the availability of cash, led to a large increase in the use of electronic forms of payments. Using...

Recently parallels have been drawn between Bitcoin and Yapese stone money. This article focuses on Fitzpatrick and McKeon’s (2019) exploration of similarities and differences. The analogy between Bitcoin and Yapese stone money is based on proposed commonalities that are inaccurate,...

The use of paper instruments-cash and checks-has been declining in the United States, and consumers have been gradually replacing paper with cards and electronic payments. Stavins (2021) examines the evolution of payments from paper to cards and electronic payments, while Shy (2020) shows the...

The purpose of this article is to evaluate if cryptocurrencies that have robust technology and anonymous features can be the money of the future. In this study, the transition phases of paper money, which started to be used at the beginning of the 17th century, to bank money, then banknotes and...

This paper proposes and validates a comprehensive model of consumer acceptance in the context of offline e-cash payment. It modifies the unified theory of acceptance and the use of technology model (UTAUT) with constructs of perceived security, cost of use, and government policy. Data collected...

This paper analyses the herding behaviour among exchanges around the expiration of bitcoin futures traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME). The database extends from December 2017 to October 2020, taking as a reference the main exchanges that trade bitcoin (Binance, Bitfinex, Bitstamp,...

This study establishes economic growth needed for supply-side mobile money drivers in developing countries to be positively related to mobile money innovations in the perspectives of mobile money accounts, the mobile phone used to send money, and the mobile phone used to receive money. The...

This study focuses on linkages between bank accounts and supply-side mobile money drivers for mobile money innovations. It seeks to understand how bank accounts can be complemented with mobile subscription and mobile connectivity dynamics (i.e., mobile connectivity coverage and mobile...

This article provides a detailed introduction to China's launching of a digital currency. We conduct a comparative analysis concerning whether digital currency is a more stable and reliable currency than cryptocurrency and investigate whether a digital renminbi (or yuan) could replace the US...

Cashless payment has rapidly developed in emerging markets following the digitization of finance. In this paper, by calculating the ratio of cashless payment in Russia, we find that it takes the shape of J-curve exponential growth, unlike in other developed and emerging economies. Although debit...

The paper provides an overview of studies on the social and private costs of retail payments conducted since 2013 in nine EU countries and collates the results obtained. Social costs of retail payments are the overall costs resulting from providing payment services to society and deriving from...

In December 2020, Visa, Mastercard, and Discover stopped processing payments for Pornhub, a website based in Canada that allows users around the world to upload and view pornographic videos. Cut off from traditional payment processors, Pornhub had to rely on cryptocurrencies. I consider the...

Bitcoin was conceptualized in response to perceived shortcomings in the monetary and financialsystem, not only related to large financial institutions but also to discretionary decision makingin monetary policy. Using high-frequency data and a weekly proxy VAR model, I study theimpact of...

The terms ‘property’ and ‘proprietary interest’ are routinely used in Australian law to represent the broad category of rights an individual may have with respect to tangible and intangible things. ‘Money’, ‘currency’, and ‘legal tender’ are examples of property that...

The cryptocurrency Bitcoin has been marketed as revolutionary new money and an attractive investment. But closer examination suggests that Bitcoin works poorly as money and does not qualify as an asset based on user value. Instead, almost all Bitcoin trading has purely speculative purposes

Shortly after the first financial crisis of globalization (2008-2009), a number of changes started to dominate the financial and banking world. Households and companies were confronted with a series of new rules and procedures aimed at protecting both the banks and the public. In most cases they...

China is one of the first governments to rein in virtual currencies while also working to consider how a central bank digital currency (“CBDC”) could advance its policy goals. This Note evaluates the impact of China’s CBDC—the e-CNY—on the United States and on the international...

The purpose of this study was to establish whether globalization has an influence on the growth of digital payments and money remittance inflows in Kenya. The study was inspired by the global COVID-19 restrictions characterized by restricted travel, working from home and overall disruptions. The...

This study discovers a statistically and economically significant intraday anomaly on Bitcoin markets. Positive returns of 0.58 bps per minute are disproportionately concentrated at the turn of 15-minute candles (in minutes 0, 15, 30, and 45 of each trading hour). Average returns in other...

This paper studies the potential of a cryptocurrency to become a medium of exchange. We use evidence from a natural experiment: In September 2021, El Salvador became the first country in the world to make bitcoin legal tender, and all economic agents were required to accept bitcoin for all...

Technology has changed the future of money. The need to foster innovation in banking has been instigated by a shift from traditional finance provided by incumbents to fintech companies, such as challenger banks and decentralised platforms, offering new forms of money and payments services. The...

In this paper, we investigate the role of direct and indirect network effects on mobile money adoption in Burkina Faso. Here, there is (positive) direct network effect if the utility derived from the use of mobile money increases with the number of people using mobile money, and there is...

The development of new technologies has begun to power a currency revolution, just like the development of the steam engine fueled the Industrial Revolution. The advent of cryptocurrencies, which aim to decentralize credit in federal and governmental systems, has prompted central banks and...

Digital currencies are under serious consideration but there are many concerns: reliable payment delivery, crime prevention, and safety. This paper develops a Trust Anchor architecture that addresses these concerns through the use of digital signature and blockchain database technologies

This study focuses on linkages between bank accounts and supply-side mobile money drivers for mobile money innovations. It seeks to understand how bank accounts can be complemented with mobile subscription and mobile connectivity dynamics (i.e., mobile connectivity coverage and mobile...

Research develops the modern theory and methodology of cryptocurrency functioning as an integral part of modern money circulation, and the main directions of cryptocurrency progress as means of legal payment in the Republic of Indonesia. Based on the econometric model of the cryptocurrency main...

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of digital finance, digital marketing and digital payment variables on finance performance. This study uses quantitative methods and data analysis techniques is performed based on Structural Equation Modeling using SmartPLS 3.0 software. The...

Developing countries need to raise sufficient tax revenue to finance development. Revenue mobilization is often hampered by limited tax compliance, weak institutions, and technical problems with tax collection. One solution to these challenges is person-to-government (P2G) mobile phone payments,...