How do social changes, new technologies or new management trends affect communication work? A team of researchers at Leipzig University and the University of Potsdam (Germany) observed new developments in related disciplines. As a result, the five most important trends for corporate...

In the face of capacity disruptions (due, for example, to traffic incidents or poor weather), information provision and congestion pricing are alternative alleviating policies. A state-dependent toll equals the state-dependent marginal external cost (MEC), which is higher if traffic condition is...

Highway construction occurs nowadays mainly through widening of existing roads rather than building new roads. This paper documents that highway widenings considerably reduce congestion in the short run, defined here as 6 years. Using longitudinal microdata from highway detector loops in the...

When traveling in an autonomous car, the travel time can be used for performing activities other than driving. This paper distinguishes users' work-related and home-related activities in autonomous cars and proposes an activity-based bottleneck model to investigate travelers' behavior in the...

We introduce a model of technological advances as allowing for greater productivity at the cost of increased complexity. Complex goods and services require a large number of strongly complementary inputs. Innovation increases the probability that an input will be flawed, leading to a skewed...

Motivated by the need for transportation infrastructure and incident management planning, we study traffic density under non-recurrent congestion. This paper provides an analytical solution approximating the stationary distribution of traffic density in roadways where deterioration of service...

This paper proposes a game-theoretic model to analyze the strategic behavior of inc-dec gaming in market-based congestion management (redispatch). We extend existing models by considering incomplete information about competitors’ costs and a finite set of providers. We find that these...

Businesses apply many management philosophies aiming to manage processes effectively, eliminate bottlenecks and improve their process performance. The most important of these philosophies are the Theory of Constraints and the Six Sigma. These are used separately in process improvement and...

According to the information available and the thresholds established by World Health Organization (WHO)E, anemia is a public health problem among the most vulnerable groups in the Palestinian Territory, namely pregnant and postpartum women, children aged between 6-59 months, and adolescents...

To study the effect of congestion on the fundamental trade-off between diagnostic accuracy and speed, we empirically test the predictions of a formal sequential testing model in a setting where the gathering of additional information can improve diagnostic accuracy, but may also take time and...

A.A. Walters derived a traffic flow function, and advocated toll to cure congestion. He wanted to save lives and monies, time is money, in congestion. NYC and Hong Kong have been practicing his policy for years, but surviving drivers are still tortured by congestion. Walters’ intention is...

Rising prices and reports of empty shelves in major economies have drawn attention to the functioning of supply chains that normally operate smoothly in the background. Among the issues, the long delays that port congestion may have caused in delivering goods to consumers and firms have been...

This paper addresses a new electricity-charging station location problem for congested intercity or regional networks, in which electric vehicles with a limited driving range require recharges for their long-distance trips. When the distribution of charging stations does not sufficiently cover...

In this paper, we construct commuters’ travel-time profiles, namely, the menu of travel times that each individual will likely face according to alternate trip timing choices, to measure congestion delays for morning commutes in California and explore a new trip scheduling pattern of commuters...

Urban infrastructure is essential to building sustainable cities. In recent years, municipal governments have invested heavily in the expansion of bike lane networks to meet growing demand, promote ridership, and reduce emissions. However, re-allocating vehicle capacity in a road network to...

Ride-hailing (RH) services, such as Uber, have become a significant component of urban transportation over the past decade, affecting many aspects of transportation. We investigate the effects of Uber upon freeway traffic outcomes and pollutant concentrations in California, where freeway...

In the face of capacity disruptions (due, for example, to traffic incidents or poor weather), information provision and congestion pricing are alternative alleviating policies. A state-dependent toll equals the state-dependent marginal external cost (MEC), which is higher if traffic condition is...

I study the heterogeneous consequences across areas in which different racial groups are concentrated of a congestion tax on ride-sharing. I find that, on average, the tax pass-through rate was the highest (160.30%) for trips starting in Black areas, while it was the lowest (94.98%) for trips...

We examine two factors that might explain the extent of air traffic delays in the United States: network benefits due to hubbing and congestion externalities. Airline hubs enable passengers to cross-connect to many destinations, thus creating network benefits that increase in the number of...

Highway construction occurs nowadays mainly through widening of ex- isting roads rather than building new roads. This paper documents that highway widenings considerably reduce congestion in the short run, defined here as 6 years. Using longitudinal microdata from highway detector loops in the...

We model a fishery with potential congestion; fishers obtain both public and private signals about the location where the fish stock is densest. We extend the literature by including both a larger parameter region and correlation between public and private signals. We analytically determine the...

Nachdem die globale Wirtschaftstätigkeit im vergangenen Jahr infolge der Covid-19-Pandemie um 3,3 % einbrach, befindet sich die Weltwirtschaft seither auf Erholungskurs. Allerdings verläuft diese Erholung nicht einheitlich, sondern ist in den Industrieländern aufgrund des größeren...

Identifying the causal effect of resource use on health outcomes is generally complicated by endogenous supply and demand adjustments. This paper tackles these issues in the setting of the maternity ward using the number of women in local areas with the same due date as an instrument for...

People who anticipate the introduction of a policy can adapt their behavior, perhaps in ways that make the policy ineffective and exacerbate the problem to be addressed. This paper develops a political economy model to study strategic behavior related to the introduction of congestion policies,...

This paper shows that differentiating driving costs by time of day and vehicle type help improve urban air quality, lower driving, and induce adoption of electric vehicles. By taking advantage of a congestion charge that imposed spatial and temporal variation in the cost of driving a...

Purpose: The theory of constraints (TOC) drum-buffer-rope methodology is appropriate when managing a production plant in complex environments, such as make-to-order (MTO) scenarios. However, some difficulties have been detected in implementing this methodology in such changing environments. This...

Nachdem die globale Wirtschaftstätigkeit im vergangenen Jahr infolge der Covid-19-Pandemie um 3,3 % einbrach, befindet sich die Weltwirtschaft seither auf Erholungskurs. Allerdings verläuft diese Erholung nicht einheitlich, sondern ist in den Industrieländern aufgrund des größeren...

Pigovian transport pricing was implemented in a large-scale field experiment in urban areas of Switzerland. The pricing varied across time, space and mode of transport. One third of the participants were given a financial incentive to reduce their external costs of transport, whereas others were...

We investigate how information goods are priced and diffused over links in a network. A new equivalence relation between nodes captures the effects of network architecture and locations of sellers on the division of profits, and characterizes the topology of competing (and potentially...

Purpose: To develop LIRP (location-inventory-routing problem) model with considering multiple links and solve it using method of heuristic based on algorithm of simulated annealing. Method of heuristic for the LIRP model is applied in city of Jakarta to improve effectiveness and efficiency of...

Congestion is an economic phenomenon of overinvestment that occurs when excessive inputs decrease the maximally possible outputs. Although decision-makers are unlikely to decrease outputs by increasing inputs, congestion is widespread in reality. Identifying and measuring congestion can help...

Numerous developing economies depend vitally on renewable natural-resource (NR)-based commodities. This study develops a general equilibrium model to examine the steady-state impact of changes in a small economy's NR congestion under open access and optimal regulation. This issue has often been...

This information note seeks to facilitate access to information on possible trade-related bottlenecks and trade-facilitating measures on critical products to combat COVID-19, including inputs used in vaccine manufacturing, vaccine distribution and approval, therapeutics and pharmaceuticals,...

This information note seeks to facilitate access to information on possible trade-related bottlenecks and trade-facilitating measures on critical products to combat COVID-19, including inputs used in vaccine manufacturing, vaccine distribution and approval, therapeutics and pharmaceuticals,...

The dynamic growth of start-up companies in India has caused major disruption in the business landscape. At the same time, many start-ups encounter major setbacks at the scaling up stage. This qualitative study examines the problems encountered by start-up companies while scaling up the...

Purpose: Public goods and services play a vital role in a given economy. Most importantly, optimal supply of public goods and services is desirable. The justice system services are public services that, as argued by most economists and governments, would be expected to spur the growth of private...

The current paper illustrates the use of principal component analysis (PCA) on the congestion component of local (i.e. zonal) electricity price data to detect the most salient congestion patterns in electricity transmission grids managed by either a Regional Transmission Organization (RTO) or an...