In this paper, we revisit price and volatility transmission among natural gas, fertilizer, and corn markets; an important issue was explored in previous work. An update of the results is urgently needed due to the recent enormous price volatility in the commodities, fertilizer, and energy...

The Russian war on Ukraine and Germany's dependence on Russian gas require a rethink of German energy supplies. While there is a heated debate about an immediate energy embargo, Russia could also stop its supplies at any time. To date, Germany has purchased around 55 percent of its natural gas...

Gas flow rate measurement technologies in the oil and gas industry have evolved over the years with the use of sophisticated techniques of analysing signals to measure fluid flow in pipes. These techniques are accompanied by cost implications and accuracy dependence. This paper focused on the...

We have been investigating methods for detecting gas leaks from the canister of the concrete cask, which stores spent fuel, by using a temperature change of the canister surface at the time of the leak. This time, we investigated a temperature change inside and outside the canister when gas...

In order to study the influence of natural gas on the combustion characteristics of domestic gas water heater when the hydrogen blending ratio exceeds the general research range which considers the gas interchangeability theory, an experimental system is built in this paper, taking a unit of...

Mixed and outdated natural gas price convergence results have caused confusion among analysts and strongly call for a comprehensive revision of the topic. The issue has been exacerbated with the recent rampant increase in LNG trade and the emergence of new gas spot trading hubs. Filling the gap,...

A thermodynamically rigorous constitutive model is used to describe the full coupling between diffusion, sorption, and solid deformation in organic shale where the pore fluid is the binary mixture of carbon dioxide and methane. The constitutive model is utilized in a numerical solution that...

This paper studies the EU's dependency on Russian gas and its challenges. Current Russia-Ukraine war results are investigated through the energy sector. And questions - Can the European Union eliminate its dependence on Russian gas? Is it possible? If possible, for how long can this dependence...

NO2 is one of the main components in haze, and its real-time monitoring is the basis for solving environmental problems. The application of metal oxide gas sensors is limited in daily life which works at high temperature, while metal sulfide sensors can work at room temperature to solve this...

The electrical performance of solution-processed a-IGZO thin-film transistors is significantly increased by adding acetylacetone (acac) to the precursor solution. However, the effect of the additive on the performance of gas sensors is unclear. This study uses acac as an additive to control the...

Natural gas prices in Germany saw a strong increase at the end of 2021, subsequently worsening with the start of the war in Ukraine in February 2022, raising concerns about the distributional consequences. Our study shows that low-income households are affected the most by the natural gas price...

This paper examines the European natural gas market connectedness. Four main markets from the North-Western and South European regions are investigated with the Diebold-Yilmaz connectedness approach derived from the time-varying parameters VAR model with stochastic volatility. We show that the...

The European Commission has decided that power plants burning natural gas can be considered generators of green energy. This means they can count as sustainable investments along with nuclear power. The commission’s technical rules on sustainable finance classify a list of sustainable economic...

This policy report studies the effects of a sudden stop of natural gas imports from Russia on the German economy. The analysis focuses on the supply-side effects that arise when a gas shortage affects production in the gas-intensive manufacturing sectors, with a corresponding production...

[Einleitung] Das Nord Stream 2 (NS2) Projekt besteht aus zwei Pipeline-Strängen à ca. 27,5 Milliarden Kubikmeter jährliche Durchleitungskapazität, die zusätzlich zu den bestehenden zwei Pipeline- Strängen gleicher Kapazität des Nord Stream Projekts Erdgas aus Russland durch die Ostsee...

Energy system models are needed to help policy makers design renewable energy policies that combine support for renewable electricity with support for renewable gas. In this paper, we advance a stylized model that includes demand for electricity, heating, and hydrogen in industry that is...

To estimate price responsiveness of commercial demand for natural gas in the US, our panel data analysis uses five parametric specifications and monthly data for the lower 48 states in 1991-2020, finding (1) the statistically significant ( p -value ≤ 0.05) static own-price elasticity estimates...

The energy transition is leading to profound changes in all parts of the energy system, but the reduction of fossil fuels in the heating sector is a major challenge for the energy sector. The changing heat-generating structure also affects its supply infrastructures. The impact on the existing...

Brazil holds great promise for natural gas development: a large population underpinning rising energy demand; sizeable reserves, and a market hungry for diversification of energy sources. While great progress has been achieved in the last 30 years in the development of natural gas production,...

Germany strives to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by at least 80% by 2050 compared to 1990 levels. In the underlying roadmap (Climate Action Plan 2050), natural gas is declared to be a bridge energy carrier into a carbon neutral era. But, since the roadmap only describes guiding...

We assess how rising exports of US liquefied natural gas (LNG) affect the convergence of natural gas prices worldwide. Using standard principal component analysis and cointegrating techniques, we show that the degree of co-movement between global benchmark prices for natural gas has strengthened...

Natural gas infrastructures play a key role in the transition towards the new energy model, with a high share of renewable energies, both ensuring the firm capacity of electric power systems and integrating all energy vectors. The European Union (EU) strongly depends on external natural gas...