This report contains a case study for the Study supporting the Impact assessment of the future European Social Fund proposal. Achieving structural change: conditions for success in the areas of ESF intervention. The reform under assessment focuses on the 2015 pension reform in Finland, and...

The economy has begun to recover from the 2023 recession, but the strength of the rebound is hindered by still weak construction investment and tepid growth among trading partners. Falling energy prices and weak domestic demand have temporarily reduced inflation below 2 percent. The economic...

Background Healthcare expenditures have risen in middle- and high-income countries. One of the potential contributors is the overuse of diagnostics. I explore whether medical imaging is overused when privately owned clinics in Finland treat patients with voluntary private health insurance...

Background Within Finland's breast cancer screening program, all women aged 50-69 are invited to biennial screening. Current European guidelines recommend screening in ages 45-49 and 70-74 conditional upon, inter alia, demonstrated context-specific cost-effectiveness. This study aims to...

This paper explores post-pandemic developments and analyses post-COVID matching dynamics in the Nordic labour markets. It also discusses the role of institutions and the policies implemented to address labour market mismatch in the region. The COVID-19 pandemic brought about a recession, with a...

This study examines the relationship between immigration and firmlevel innovation in the Finnish manufacturing sector. The analysis leverages unique matched data, including employees' immigration status, firm-level patenting, process and product innovation activities, and innovation inputs...

Policymakers, public commentators, and researchers often cite the Nordic countries as examples of a social and economic model that successfully combines low income inequality with prosperity and growth. This article aims to critically assess this claim by integrating theoretical perspectives and...

Our research has focused on addressing the following research questions for the growth strategies of SMEs: (1) What are the stages of profitable growth, and what factors contribute to these growth stages? (2) Which critical factors must be addressed for an organization to progress to the next...

This working paper investigates intangible investments in Finnish firms from 2014 to 2019, utilizing comprehensive, register-based data from Statistics Finland. We analyze seven categories of internal intangible investments and observe that these investments are highly concentrated, with the top...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore how the operational capabilities for pay-per-outcome business model are deployed in the context of indoor environment. In the past decade, product-service systems have attracted interest from various industries as firms seek new ways to create...

This Policy Support Facility (PSF) report responds to the request of the Office of the Prime Minister of Finland to explore the obstacles that hinder public-private R&D collaboration within Finland's research and innovation (R&I) ecosystem and to provide operational recommendations to the...

The Commission carried out a study to look at consumer behaviours concerning food waste and date marking. The study covered over 25000 participants from across all 27 EU Member States, who were asked to report on how they manage food in their daily lives through a survey. Based on their...

Finland's national legislation previously aligned with the STCW-F standards for fishing vessel operations, despite not having ratified the convention. However, following recent amendments to the STCW-F, no assessment has been conducted to ensure continued compliance, leaving it uncertain whether...

Finland has a long-standing tradition of excellence in research and innovation (R&I), supported by high level of public investment and strong societal trust in science. Finnish authorities have set an ambitious goal of increasing R&D intensity to 4% by 2030 and are significantly increasing...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Finland examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

The VAT Gap represents the difference between expected VAT revenues and those actually collected, reflecting compliance challenges, policy inefficiencies, and enforcement gaps. As part of the European Commission's ongoing efforts to improve VAT compliance and revenue collection, these 27 country...

Enforcement of national ELD legislation in Finland is low. Between 2013 and November 2021 there had only been one ELD occurrence involving water damage, one ELD occurrence involving an imminent threat of water damage, and two potential ELD occurrences (one involving water damage and biodiversity...

Overall, Finland's government effectiveness continues to rank above average in EU-27 comparisons of 2022. Its performance has remained nearly the same since 2010, although the score has clearly slightly decreased from 2.23 in 2010 to 1.76 in 2022. It is difficult to assess the reasons behind the...

This report documents the work done in the most recent annual update for Finland. This work was carried out by the EUROMOD core development team, based at the JRC in Seville, in collaboration with the national team.

This paper investigates the effect of a major economic recession on the educational attainment of the next generation. Our analysis is based on nationwide longitudinal registry data on Finland. We focus on the heterogenous effects of the recession on households of different socioeconomic...

The service sector is undergoing rapid changes attribut- ed to digitalization. This study examines the relation- ship between digitalization and the performance of the Finnish private service firms from 2015 to 2021 using linked employer-employee data, financial data and an IT usage survey. Our...

Recent studies use names—first and surnames—to estimate intergenerational mobility in sources that lack direct family links. While generating novel evidence on intergenerational transmission processes, it remains unclear how different estimators compare and how reliable they are. This paper...

This focused after-action review (AAR), conducted by ECDC in collaboration with the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), investigated the use of evidence in the Finnish advice-making process for school interventions from December 2021 to January 2022, when the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron...