Using surveys with Danish students transitioning to secondary education, we study mental models of how gender and parental education shape academic performance. Students hold heterogeneous beliefs about performance gaps by gender and parental background, which appear to be shaped by...

In this article, we examine labour market polarization dynamics in Türkiye. First, we use highly refined microdata to classify tasks - mainly abstract, routine and manual - to conduct analysis at the occupation-task level. Second, we find evidence for polarization driven by technological...

Which poverty context matters for long-term outcomes-family or community, economic or social? We construct a measure of poverty along these dimensions and analyze individual-level longitudinal data spanning 21 years in Indonesia to examine the long-term outcomes associated with different types...

Students' university experience includes both academic and non-academic outcomes, which are shaped by the educational environment in which students interact. We refer to this environment as university climate and measure it along three dimensions: conformity to masculinity-related attitudes and...

How reliable is historical microdata? Understanding historical labor force participation is crucial for assessing long-term trends in economic development and intergenerational mobility. Most existing historical studies are, however, limited to men, and little is known about how reliable...

This paper exploits a unique norm‑shifting setting - a German pension reform that equalized retirement ages across genders - to examine how old‑age employment propagates through workplace networks. The reform raised women's earliest claiming age from 60 to 63 for cohorts born in 1952 onward....

How married couples allocate their time across activities has been studied in developed countries, but remains an open question in many developing countries. We pool the 2019 and 2024 waves of the India Time Use Survey (TUS), the two most recent nationally representative surveys, to analyze the...

This study explores the marriage matching of only-child individuals and the related outcomes. Specifically, we analyze two aspects: First, we investigate the marriage patterns of only children, examining whether people choose mates in a positive or negative assortative manner regarding...

Prior research has found that boys often outperform girls in high-stakes math exams, raising the question of whether these gender differences under pressure stem from nature or nurture. This relative female disadvantage can influence access to selective university programs and subsequent career...

Taking the case of rural South India, we explore the universality of the Big Five personality traits and their stability over time. We then investigate the effects of two exogenous shocks on trait stability: the demonetisation of November 2016 and the second COVID-19 lockdown. We use an original...

Women remain underrepresented in leadership worldwide. Across politics, business, and community organizations, they face barriers limiting access to leadership roles and influence in decision-making. This paper groups these barriers into opportunity, motivation, and capability, and reviews...

As the workforce adapts to evolving professional demands, working conditions simultaneously become increasingly stressful, competitive, and challenging, making it essential to examine the determinants of job performance among highly educated workers. This study investigates the influence of...

This article examines how inequalities in traditional labour markets shape experiences and outcomes on platform work. The research applies Acker's framework of inequality regimes, with a focus on gender, to a qualitative case study to analyse freelance platform work, specifically the provision...

We present results from a field experiment that tests the effects of varying gender and linguistic group composition on performance and on group-members' perception that their voice is heard when completing complex collaborative work within a low scrutiny environment. We randomize individuals...

Using the Timor-Leste Survey of Living Standards, we show that the household education spending on girls was higher than for boys in the period following independence. This pattern contrasts with that in the neighboring and politically interrelated country of Indonesia. We explore how religious...

Using German survey data, we show conflicting influences of performance pay on overall life satisfaction. The overall influence reflects a strong positive influence through domains of life satisfaction associated with the job (job satisfaction, individual earnings satisfaction and household...

Previous studies on working from home (WFH) and employee well-being have produced conflicting results. We hypothesize that giving workers a choice over whether to use WFH plays a crucial role in the consequences for well-being. This has a series of testable implications for empirical work. Using...

This study explores how (in)congruence of desired and actual behaviors of servant leaders shape the outcomes of followers' work engagement, well-being, and turnover intentions. We underline the significance of cultural context in influencing follower outcomes and, thus, integrate a...

We estimate the long-term consequences of math and reading rank within an elementary school on short and long-term outcomes. We find that higher rank leads to better outcomes. Students ranked at the top in grade 7 perform up to 0.33 standard deviations higher on future school exams, are more...