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  • Search: subject_exact:"Gender"
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Year of publication
Subjects
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Gender 10,525 Geschlecht 8,145 gender 3,445 Lohnstruktur 1,358 Wage structure 1,345 USA 1,331 United States 1,276 Deutschland 865 Germany 847 Women 840 Frauen 673 Weibliche Arbeitskräfte 671 Women workers 653 Schätzung 645 Theorie 607 Estimation 596 Theory 593 India 410 Experiment 405 Großbritannien 391 United Kingdom 380 Geschlechterdiskriminierung 319 Erwerbsverlauf 317 Occupational attainment 306 Arbeitsmarktdiskriminierung 304 Welt 297 Employment 295 World 291 Gender discrimination 290 Labour market discrimination 286 Poverty 286 Bildungsniveau 267 Australia 263 Australien 261 Erwerbstätigkeit 259 Educational achievement 249 Indien 246 Arbeitsangebot 242 Bildungsertrag 242 Ethnische Gruppe 241
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Online availability
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Free 5,229 Undetermined 1,294
Type of publication
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Article 7,350 Book / Working Paper 6,461 Journal 60 Other 19
Type of publication (narrower categories)
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Article in journal 5,029 Aufsatz in Zeitschriften 5,029 Working Paper 3,044 Graue Literatur 2,859 Non-commercial literature 2,859 Arbeitspapier 2,393 Article in book 718 Aufsatz im Buch 718 Collection of articles of several authors 298 Sammelwerk 298 Thesis 210 Dissertation 195 Hochschulschrift 188 Amtsdruckschrift 173 Government document 173 Collection of articles written by one author 67 Sammlung 67 Statistik 66 Statistics 58 Article 51 Aufsatzsammlung 44 Congress report 44 Kongressschrift 44 Bibliographie enthalten 39 Bibliography included 39 Case study 35 Fallstudie 35 Bibliographie 22 Kongress 21 Konferenzschrift 15 No longer published / No longer aquired 13 Congress Report 12 Survey 12 Übersichtsarbeit 12 Conference Paper 9 Interview 9 Lehrbuch 9 Advisory report 8 Gutachten 8 Handbook 8
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Language
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English 9,603 Undetermined 3,046 German 826 Spanish 202 French 105 Portuguese 33 Russian 26 Swedish 19 Norwegian 13 Italian 12 Dutch 12 Bulgarian 5 Danish 5 Polish 5 Finnish 3 Croatian 2 Hungarian 2 Romanian 2 Albanian 2 Tajik 2 Arabic 1 Valencian 1 Czech 1 Japanese 1 Lithuanian 1 Slovak 1 Slovenian 1
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Persons
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Holst, Elke 92 Booth, Alison L. 83 Quisumbing, Agnes R. 70 Blau, Francine D. 49 Nolen, Patrick 41 Barasinska, Nataliya 39 Tansel, Aysit 39 Kahn, Lawrence M. 38 Sutter, Matthias 37 Klasen, Stephan 36 Ñopo, Hugo 35 Seguino, Stephanie 34 Buser, Thomas 33 Gang, Ira N. 33 Pfeifer, Christian 33 Schäfer, Dorothea 32 Verheul, Ingrid 32 Bhalotra, Sonia R. 30 Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf 30 Zimmermann, Klaus F. 30 Addabbo, Tindara 29 Nekby, Lena 28 Azmat, Ghazala 27 Rubery, Jill 27 Hirsch, Boris 26 Tansel, Aysıt 26 Miller, Paul W. 24 Ours, Jan C. van 23 Weichselbaumer, Doris 23 Hamermesh, Daniel S. 22 Qaim, Matin 22 Schäfer, Andrea 22 Zhang, Junsen 22 Cobb-Clark, Deborah A. 21 Constant, Amelie 21 Dreber, Anna 21 Schrooten, Mechthild 21 Tonin, Mirco 21 Gupta, Nabanita Datta 20 Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela 20
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Institutions
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Economics Research, World Bank Group 224 Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) 212 International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) 201 Volkswirtschaftliche Fakultät, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München 135 World Bank 85 eSocialSciences 81 International Water Management Institute (IWMI) 57 World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU/WIDER), United Nations University 35 C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers 34 DIW Berlin (Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung) 27 HAL 25 Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 24 Inter-American Development Bank 23 Weltbank 22 Institute of Social Studies (ISS) 19 Forschungsbasierte Infrastruktureinrichtung "Sozio-oekonomisches Panel (SOEP)", DIW Berlin (Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung) 17 WorldFish Center, Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) 15 Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi", Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia 14 Asian Development Bank 13 Economic Growth Center, Economics Department 13 Research School of Economics, College of Business and Economics 13 Agricultural and Applied Economics Association - AAEA 12 CESifo 12 Centre Emile Bernheim, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management 12 Université Paris-Dauphine (Paris IX) 12 London School of Economics (LSE) 11 Society for the Study of Economic Inequality - ECINEQ 11 İktisat Bölümü, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi 11 Asian Development Bank (ADB) 10 Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway 10 Europäische Kommission 9 International Association of Agricultural Economists - IAAE 9 Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research 9 Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam. 8 Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam 8 Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit <Bonn> 8 Handelshögskolan, Göteborgs Universitet 8 Human Development Report Office, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 8 International Institute of Social Studies of Erasmus University (ISS), The Hague 8 Nationalekonomiska institutionen, Stockholms Universitet 8
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Published in...
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Discussion paper series 478 IZA Discussion Papers 349 Working paper 179 MPRA Paper 132 Feminist economics 121 World Bank Publications 106 Gender in management : an international journal 102 Social Science & Medicine 96 World Bank Other Operational Studies 95 Feminist Economics 83 Working Papers / eSocialSciences 81 Policy research working paper : WPS 80 Sociological Research Online 79 World development : the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development 78 IFPRI discussion papers 76 Discussion paper / Centre for Economic Policy Research 72 Applied economics 65 Journal of economic behavior & organization : JEBO 64 Discussion paper 55 Working papers 53 Journal of human resources : JHR 52 Journal of business ethics : JOBE 50 Economics letters 49 International journal of gender and entrepreneurship 49 The journal of socio-economics 48 CEPR Discussion Papers 47 Discussion papers 47 ILR review : the journal of work and policy 45 Labour economics : official journal of the European Association of Labour Economists 45 SOEP papers on multidisciplinary panel data research 44 Work, employment & society : a journal of the British Sociological Association 41 Journal of population economics 40 Economics of education review 39 Work, Employment & Society 39 Agriculture and Human Values 38 Economic inquiry : journal of the Western Economic Association International 38 CESifo working papers 37 Journal of Business Ethics 37 Working paper / World Institute for Development Economics Research 37 CAPRi working papers 36
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Sources
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ECONIS (ZBW) 9,344 RePEc 3,646 EconStor 722 USB Cologne (EcoSocSci) 77 BASE 71 USB Cologne (business full texts) 17 ArchiDok 13
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Showing 1 - 50 of 13,890
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The impact of hosting refugees on the intra-household allocation of tasks : a gender perspective
Ruiz, Isabel; Vargas-Silva, Carlos - 2017
This paper examines whether the presence of refugees alters the intra-household allocation of tasks across genders in the hosting population. Using panel data (pre- and post-refugee inflow) from Kagera, a rural region of Tanzania, we find that the refugee shock led to women being less likely to...
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No gender difference in willingness to compete when competing against self
Apicella, Coren L.; Demiral, Elif E.; Mollerstrom, Johanna - 2017
We report on two experiments investigating whether there is a gender difference in thewillingness to compete against oneself (self-competition), similar to what is found whencompeting against others (other-competition). In one laboratory and one online marketexperiment, involving a total of...
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Occupation and gender
Cortés, Patricia; Pan, Jessica - 2017
Occupational differences by gender remain a common feature of labor markets. We begin by documenting recent trends in occupational segregation and its implications. We then review recent empirical research, focusing on new classes of explanations that emphasize the role of gender differences in...
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The gender lifetime earnings gap : exploring gendered pay from the life course perspective
Boll, Christina; Jahn, Malte; Lagemann, Andreas - 2017
Research on the gender earnings divide so far mostly focuses on the gender gap in hourly wages which, due to its snapshot nature, is inappropriate to capture the biographical dimension of gendered pay. With the 'gender lifetime earnings gap' (GLEG), we introduce a new measure that meets this...
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Do significant labor market events change who does the chores? : paid work, housework and power in mixed-gender Australian households
Foster, Gigi; Stratton, Leslie S. - 2017
We examine how men and women in mixed-gender unions change the time they allocate to housework in response to labor market promotions and terminations. Operating much like raises, such events have the potential to alter intra-household power dynamics. Using Australian panel data, we estimate...
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Gender, Islam, and law
Bowen, John Richard - 2017
This paper considers arguments about Islam and women's welfare, and, at greater length, how legal systems with Islamic elements treat women, with a focus on how women fare in Islamic family courts. Key methodological issues include how to focus on real-world views and practices rather than only...
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Where the girls are not : households, teachers, and the gender gap in early math achievement
Carneiro, Pedro M.; Cruz Aguayo, Yyannú; Schady, … - 2017
We study the determinants of math achievement among children in early elementary school using data from a unique experiment. We find steep socioeconomic gradients and a substantial boy-girl gap in math test scores. However, among children of mothers with university education, there is no...
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The differential impact of economic crisis on men and women, and its connection to intrahousehold bargaining
Dong, Sarah Xue - 2017
This paper discusses whether the Asian financial crisis affected men and women differently in Indonesia by estimating the effect of district consumption shock during the crisis on changes in men's and women's working status and assets. I found that in rural areas there seems to be no effect of...
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The timing of puberty and gender differences in educational achievement
Koerselman, Kristian; Pekkarinen, Tuomas - 2017
In this paper, we study the effect of the timing of puberty on educational achievement and examine to what extent the gender differences in the timing of puberty can explain gender differences in achievement. We use British cohort data that combine information on pubertal development with test...
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Can private food standards promote gender equality in the small farm sector?
Meemken, Eva-Marie; Qaim, Matin - 2017
Agricultural commercialization can help to lift subsistence farmers out of poverty, but can also have adverse effects on gender equality. We explore whether private food standards - with their particular elements to regulate production and trade - could serve as a vehicle to promote gender...
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The gender gap in competitiveness : women shy away from competing with others, but not from competing with themselves
Mollerstrom, Johanna; Wrohlich, Katharina - In: DIW economic bulletin 7 (2017) 22/23, pp. 219-225
Women are less willing than men to compete against others. This gender gap can partially explain the differences between women’s and men’s education and career choices, and the labor market disparities that result. The experiments presented here show that even though women are less willing...
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Why do women favor same-gender competition? : evidence from a choice experiment
Burow, Norma; Beblo, Miriam; Beninger, Denis; … - 2017 - This version April 2017
This paper addresses the behavioral puzzle of women's preference for competition when competitors are also women. Using a framed field experiment with 883 non-standard subjects, we show that none of the determinants of competitive behavior in general, including ability, self-confidence and risk...
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The effect of age and gender on labor demand - evidence from a field experiment
Carlsson, Magnus; Eriksson, Stefan - 2017
In most countries, there are systematic age and gender differences in labor market outcomes. Older workers and women often have lower employment rates, and the duration of unemployment increases with age. These patterns may reflect age and gender differences in either labor demand (i.e....
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Gender, emotions, and tournament performance in the laboratory
Halladay, Brianna - 2017
Individuals face competitive environments daily, and it is important to understand how emotions affect behavior in these environments and resulting economic consequences. Using a two-stage laboratory experiment, I analyze the role of reported emotions in tournament performance and assess how the...
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(How) do non-cognitive skills programs improve adolescent school achievement? : experimental evidence
Martins, Pedro S. - 2017
Non-cognitive skills programs may be an important policy option to improve the academic outcomes of adolescents. In this paper, we evaluate experimentally the EPIS program, which is based on bi-weekly individual or small-group non-cognitive mediation short meetings with low-performing students....
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Gender contrasts in negotiation impasse rates
Cotter, Michael J.; Henley, James A. - In: Management 12 (2017) 1, pp. 3-25
This study contrasts the rate of impasse in genders in face-to-face negotiations for newly trained women and men. The empirical study analyzed negotiators’ negotiation impasse rates based on gender using a two-tailed t-test. The bargainers were involved in a series of ten high-stakes, zero-sum...
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Gender differences in climate change perceptions and adaptation strategies : an intra-household analysis from rural Kenya
Ngigi, Marther W.; Büttner, Ulrike; Birner, Regina; … - 2016
It has been widely acknowledged that the effects of climate change are not gender neutral. However, existing studies on adaptation to climate change mainly focus on a comparison of male-headed and female-headed households. Aiming at a more nuanced gender analysis, this study examines how...
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How does the gender difference in willingness to compete evolve with experience?
Buser, Thomas - 2016
I study how gender differences in willingness to compete evolve over time in response to experience. Participants in a lab experiment perform the same real-effort task over several rounds. In each round, they have to choose between piece-rate remuneration and a winner-takes-all competition. At...
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Gender differences in competitiveness : to what extent can different attitudes towards competition for men and women explain the gender gap in labor markets?
Lackner, Mario - 2016
Differences in labor market outcomes for women and men are highly persistent. Apart from discrimination, one frequently mentioned explanation could be differences in the attitude towards competition for both genders. Abundant empirical evidence indicates that multiple influences shape attitudes...
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Gender, ethnicity and household labour in married and cohabiting couples in the UK
Yee Kan, Man; Laurie, Heather - 2016
There is an extensive literature on the domestic division of labour within married and cohabiting couples and its relationship to gender equality within and outside the household. UK quantitative research on the domestic division of labour across ethnic groups has been limited by a lack of data...
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Age and gender profiling in the Chinese and Mexican labor markets : evidence from four job boards
Helleseter, Miguel Delgado; Kuhn, Peter Joseph; Shen, … - 2016
When permitted by law, employers sometimes state the preferred age and sex of their employees in job ads. We study this practice using data from one Mexican and three Chinese job boards, showing that it is widely used to request both genders and is especially prevalent in jobs with low skill...
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Small farmers' preferences for the design of certification schemes : does gender matter?
Meemken, Eva-Marie; Veettil, Prakashan Chellattan; … - 2016
Farmers' preferences for sustainability certification are analyzed, building on a choice experiment conducted with smallholder coffee growers in Uganda. Farmers have positive general attitudes towards certification. While they dislike bans of productivity-enhancing inputs, benefits associated...
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Gender and racial differences in peer effects of limited English students : a story of language or ethnicity?
Diette, Timothy M.; Uwaifo Oyelere, Ruth - 2016
There is a perception among native born parents in the U.S. that the increasing number of immigrant students in schools creates negative peer effects on their children. In North Carolina there has been a significant increase in immigrants especially those with limited English language skills and...
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Self-reported health and gender : the role of social norms
Caroli, Eve; Weber-Baghdiguian, Lexane - 2016
We investigate the role of social norms in accounting for differences in self-reported health as reported by men and women. Using the European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS, 2010), we first replicate the standard result that women report worse health than men, whatever the health outcome we...
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Faculty service loads and gender : are women taking care of the academic family?
Guarino, Cassandra Marie; Borden, Victor M. H. - 2016
This paper investigates the amount of academic service performed by female versus male faculty. We use 2012 data from an online annual performance reporting system for tenured and tenure‐track faculty at two campuses of a large public, Midwestern university as well as 2014 data from a large...
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Couple's labor supply, taxes, and the division of housework in a gender-neutral lab
Schröder, Melanie; Burow, Norma - 2016 - This version: July 4, 2016
We use a lab-in-the-field experiment to investigate intra-couple labor supply decisions and the division of housework under individual and joint income taxation systems. In order to eliminate problems of endogenous intra-couple time use decisions, we exogenously varied not only the taxation...
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The effect of gender-targeted conditional cash transfers on household expenditures : evidence from a randomized experiment
Armand, Alex; Attanasio, Orazio P.; Carneiro, Pedro M.; … - 2016
This paper studies the differential effect of targeting cash transfers to men or women on the structure of household expenditures on non-durables. We study a policy intervention in the Republic of Macedonia, offering cash transfers to poor households, conditional on having their children...
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Gender and redistribution : experimental evidence
Buser, Thomas; Putterman, Louis G.; Weele, Joe͏̈l J. … - 2016
Gender differences in voting patterns and political attitudes towards redistribution are well-documented. The experimental gender literature suggests several plausible behavioral explanations behind these differences, relating to gender differences in confidence concerning future relative income...
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Women's labor force participation : family-friendly policies increase women’s labor force participation, benefiting them, their families, and society at large
Winkler, Anne E. - 2016
Female labor force participation is mainly driven by the value of women’s market wages versus the value of their non-market time. Labor force participation by women varies considerably across countries. To understand this international variation, one must further consider differences across...
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Gender differences in child investment behaviour among agricultural households : evidence from the Lesotho Child Grants Programme
Sebastian, Ashwini; De la O Campos, Ana Paula; Daidone, … - 2016
We examine the impacts of an unconditional cash transfer in Lesotho using an experimental impact evaluation design. We find that the cash transfer led to different outcomes for girls and boys, overall favouring secondary school-aged girls. Girls in this age group were less likely to miss school,...
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Prevalence of long hours and skilled women's occupational choices
Cortés, Patricia; Pan, Jessica - 2016
Gender differences in occupations account for a sizable portion of the persistent gender pay gap. This paper examines the relationship between the demand for long hours of work (as proxied for by the share of men working 50 or more hours per week) and skilled women's occupational choice....
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The effect of gender-targeted conditional cash transfers on household expenditures : evidence from a randomized experiment
Armand, Alex; Attanasio, Orazio P.; Carneiro, Pedro M.; … - 2016
This paper studies the differential effect of targeting cash transfers to men or women on the structure of household expenditures on non-durables. We study a policy intervention in the Republic of Macedonia, offering cash transfers to poor households, conditional on having their children...
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Gender gaps of the unemployed : what drives diverging labor market outcomes?
Dauth, Christine Martina - 2016
Analyzing gender gaps of unemployed job-seekers, this study uniquely complements the broad literature focussing predominantly on gender gaps of employed workers. I consider a broad range of labor market outcomes, and disentangle the factors driving the labor market gaps of unemployed men and...
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Gender and cooperative preferences on five continents
Furtner, Nadja C.; Kocher, Martin; Martinsson, Peter; … - 2016
Evidence of gender differences in cooperation in social dilemmas is inconclusive. This paper experimentally elicits unconditional contributions, a contribution vector (cooperative preferences), and beliefs about the level of others' contributions in variants of the public goods game. We show...
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Gender differences in willingness to compete : the role of culture and institutions
Booth, Alison L.; Fan, Elliott; Meng, Xin; Zhang, Dandan - 2016
In the laboratory experiment reported in this paper we explore how evolving institutions and social norms, which we label 'culture', change individuals' preferences and behaviour in mainland China. From 1949 China experienced dramatic changes in its socio-economic institutions. These began with...
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Is the allocation of time gender sensitive to food price changes? : an investigation of hours of work in Uganda
Campus, Daniela; Giannelli, Gianna Claudia - 2016
Dramatic spikes in food prices, like those observed over the last years, represent a real threat to food security in developing countries with severe consequences for many aspects of human life. Price instability can also affect the intra-household allocation of time, thus changing the labour...
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Gender differences in the union wage premium? : a comparative case study
Bryson, Alex; Dale-Olsen, Harald; Nergaard, Kristine - 2016
Trade unions have transformed from male-dominated organisations rooted in manufacturing to majority-female organisations serving predominantly white-collar workers, often in the public sector. Adopting a comparative case study approach using nationally representative linked employer-employee...
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A fuzzy approach to measuring violence against women and its severity
Bettio, Francesca; Ticci, Elisa; Betti, Gianni - 2018
We develop a scale of severity of violence against women based on fuzzy set theory. The scale can be used to derive fuzzy indexes of violence which account for the prevalence, frequency and severity of violence. Using the results of the survey conducted by the European Agency for Human Rights...
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What explains uneven female labor force participation levels and trends in developing countries?
Klasen, Stephan - 2018
Rapid fertility decline, a strong expansion of female education, and favorable economic conditions should have promoted female labor force participation in developing countries. Yet trends in female labor force participation (FLFP) have been quite heterogeneous, rising strongly in Latin America,...
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The feminization of agriculture in post-Soviet Tajikistan
Mukhamedova, Nozilakhon; Wegerich, Kai - In: Journal of Rural Studies 57 (2018), pp. 128-139
In this paper we aim to analyse economic and social transition factors affecting the agricultural labor force and to understand the feminization phenomenon in rural Tajikistan. Agrarian reforms, seasonal male labor outmigration, and the subsequent increase in women's labor participation have...
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Trade facilitation measures to enhance women's participation in cross-border trade in BBIN
Taneja, Nisha; Joshi, Sanjana; Prakash, Shravani; … - 2018
Trade facilitation measures improve the trading environment by reducing transaction costs and thereby increasing the gains from trade. Although the use of trade facilitation measures for tackling trade bottlenecks has gained traction in recent times, one aspect which remains largely unexplored...
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The impact of affirmative action on the gendered: Occupational segregation in South Africa
Klasen, Stephan; Minasyan, Anna - 2018
This paper studies the impact of an affirmative action policy on occupational segregation by gender in South Africa. We estimate the effects of the Employment Equity Act of 1998, the Black Economic Empowerment Act in 2003 and the Codes of Good Conduct in 2007 on (Black) female employment in top...
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Can heterogeneity in reporting behavior explain the gender gap in self-assessed health status?
Basar, Dilek; Soytas, Mehmet A. - 2018
This paper explains the gender differences in self-assessed health status by providing a theoretical identification mechanism through a dynamic structural model which allows for heterogeneity in discount factors of individuals. Theoretical predictions are empirically tested and estimation...
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Trade facilitation measures to enhance women's participation in cross-border trade in BBIN
Taneja, Nisha; Joshi, Sanjana; Prakash, Shravani; … - 2018
Trade facilitation measures improve the trading environment by reducing transaction costs and thereby increasing the gains from trade. Although the use of trade facilitation measures for tackling trade bottlenecks has gained traction in recent times, one aspect which remains largely unexplored...
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Bowling together : scientific collaboration networks of demographers at European Population Conferences
Abel, Guy; Bordone, Valeria; Muttarak, Raya; Zagheni, Emilio - 2018
Exploiting a unique database of metadata for papers presented at six European Population Conferences (EPC) for the years 2006-2016, this paper explores: 1) development of research in population studies; 2) trends and patterns of scientific collaboration networks among demographers; and 3) gender...
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Parents, siblings and schoolmates
Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio; Cappellari, Lorenzo - 2018
We investigate whether the effects of schoolmates' gender and average parental education on educational achievement, employment and earnings vary with individual family characteristics such as the gender of siblings and own parental education. We find that the benefits from exposure to...
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Women and migration
Antman, Francisca M. - 2018
While scholars have long studied the economics of migration, increasing waves of international and regional migration around the world have placed greater focus on the varied impacts of migration in recent years. Critical to this line of research is an examination of the important role that...
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What explains uneven female labor force participation levels and trends in developing countries?
Klasen, Stephan - 2018
Rapid fertility decline, a strong expansion of female education, and favorable economic conditions should have promoted female labor force participation in developing countries. Yet trends in female labor force participation (FLFP) have been quite heterogeneous, rising strongly in Latin America,...
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Gender pay gap : a macro perspective
Terada Hagiwara, Akiko; Camingue-Romance, Shiela F.; … - 2018
This paper examines the factors influencing the gender wage gap by using an unbalanced crosscountry aggregated panel data set for a sample covering 53 economies for the period 1995-2010. Using robust estimators proposed by Lewbel (2012) to correct for heterogeneity and endogeneity, results...
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Gender norms and the motherhood penalty : experimental evidence from India
Bedi, Arjun Singh; Majilla, Tanmoy; Rieger, Matthias - 2018
This paper uses a field experiment to study the effect of perceived gender norms on the motherhood penalty in the Indian labor market. We randomly reported motherhood on fictitious CVs sent to service sector job openings. We generated exogenous variation in gender norms by prominently signaling...
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