Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine marked the start of a prolonged confrontation between Moscow and Europe - one that is fundamentally reshaping the parameters of European security. The return of Donald Trump to the White House and his stated intent to quickly end the war in Ukraine and put...

This paper addresses a critical gap in migration literature by quantifying the opportunity cost of labour emigration for countries of origin within the European Union, using Greece and Poland as case studies from 2004 to 2019. Despite the growing policy and academic interest in the effects of...

Little is known about the effects of political conflicts on the status of women in society. Polarizing attitudes might have a differential effect on women's lives after a conflict. To consider this, the case of Greece after the Second World War is exploited, when the country became highly...

The interest in clusters in the economy and regional space, which has persisted for nearly three decades, has reignited the understanding of the economy as a system of interdependencies between industries. Although the concept of clusters can be traced back to contributions dating from the early...

The European Commission, Italy, and Greece are seeking to curb irregular migration through Libya. These efforts come at a time when several aspects of European Union (EU) migration policy in Libya must be acknowledged as having failed. This is particularly true of attempts to improve conditions...

This paper examines how social movements influenced Greece's macroeconomic adjustment during the financial crisis and austerity period (2010-2015). The purpose is to identify the channels through which mobilizations-anti-austerity protests, general strikes, youth actions, and solidarity...

Digitalization is reshaping entrepreneurship, yet the mechanisms that translate new technological possibilities into entrepreneurial intention remain poorly understood, especially for resource-constrained small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Building on the Theory of Planned Behaviour,...

This study examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the Greek economy, assessing its effects on economic growth, employment, productivity, and sectoral competitiveness. The research aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of AI adoption, its potential benefits, challenges, and...

The European Commission, Italy, and Greece are seeking to curb irregular migration through Libya. These efforts come at a time when several aspects of European Union (EU) migration policy in Libya must be acknowledged as having failed. This is particularly true of attempts to improve conditions...

This study investigates the economic role of wine tourism in Nemea, Greece, a prominent Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) wine-producing region. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines interviews with local stakeholders and a structured post-wine-tasting visitor survey to...

This policy brief produced by Cedefop presents a snapshot of vocational education and training (VET) policy developments in Greece between 2020 and the end of 2024. It presents the context and the challenges the country faces, a selection of the latest VET-related statistics, as well as the...

This study investigates the integration of ESG principles in the Greek banking sector through a comparative analysis of the four systemic banks-National Bank of Greece, Eurobank, Piraeus Bank, and Alpha Bank-during 2019-2023. Using a qualitative approach based on secondary data, including...

In today's rapidly evolving and competitive business settings, sustaining work engagement has become a strategic imperative for organizations across sectors. Although work engagement research has traditionally emphasized individual and leadership factors, less is known about how specific...

Greece has met the 2030 EU-level targets on early leaving from education and training and is close to the target on tertiary educational attainment. However, major challenges persist in terms of acquisition of basic skills, in particular mathematics with almost every other student failing to...

The Education and Training Monitor's country reports present and assess the main recent and ongoing policy development at all education levels in the 27 EU Member States. They give the reader more in-depth insight into the performance of a country as regards the EU-level targets agreed within...

In 2022, Greece recorded the second highest human antibiotic consumption rate in the EU/ European Economic Area (EEA), at 32.9 defined daily doses (DDD) per 1,000 inhabitants per day, 70% higher than the EU/EEA average of 19.4 DDD. Over the past years, Greece has taken steps to strengthen...

The Education and Training Monitor's country reports present and assess the main recent and ongoing policy development at all education levels in the 27 EU Member States. They give the reader more in-depth insight into the performance of a country as regards the EU-level targets agreed within...

This paper examines the interrelationship between Corporate Governance (CG), Internal Control System (ICS), and Organizational Performance (OP), with a particular focus on the effectiveness of the ICS in relation to the quality of its components. Drawing on recent literature and empirical...

We estimate the causal effect of schooling on log earnings using instrumental variables (IV), addressing the endogeneity of schooling by using father's education as an instrument. The IV estimate implies a return of approximately 7.7 percent per additional year of schooling. First-stage and...

Little is known about the effects of political conflicts on the status of women in society. Polarizing attitudes might have a differential effect on women's lives after a conflict. To consider this, the case of Greece after the Second World War is exploited, when the country became highly...

This working paper evaluates the impact of the COSME Loan Guarantee Facility (LGF) on SMEs in Greece, Poland, Spain, and Romania between 2015 and 2023. Using advanced econometric methods, we compare SMEs that received a guarantee with a control group of similar companies. We find that SMEs...

Despite growing evidence that diverse leadership enhances decision-making and innovation, little is known about how gendered expectations and structural barriers intersect to shape women's leadership experiences in Greece. This qualitative study draws on semi-structured interviews with sixteen...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in marketing to deliver personalized messages and services. Although such tools create new opportunities, their acceptance by consumers depends on several factors that go beyond technology itself. This study examines how trust and ethical...

This study offers the first systematic exploration of the Greek e-Government team, a public sector innovation unit that operated within the Office of the Prime Minister of Greece from 2009 to 2012-the sole example of such a unit in the country. It illustrates how strategically positioned...

This research aims to determine the utilization levels of local products and the challenges and opportunities of creating a recognizable food-centered cultural identity based on collaborative networks developed between agriculture and tourism. This has the potential to strengthen collaborative...

The productivity growth of the Greek economy has stagnated since the 2010 European Debt Crisis. Despite reforms in product market regulations; their impact on productivity has been mixed. Firm-level data shows that resource misallocation worsened from 2009 to 2020; especially in non-tradable...

Greece's judicial system efficiency has been one of the lowest in the EU; affecting adversely the country's economic performance. The massive increase in demand for judiciary services during the crisis period resulted from significant business and personal insolvencies; along with limited...

The strong recent economic recovery has improved Greece's near-term outlook. However, unfavorable demographics require raising the labor force participation, particularly for women, to boost medium-term growth. Using household survey, cross-country comparison, and model simulations, we identify...

This Selected Issues paper analyzes key barriers to labor force participation (LFP) in Greece using household and cross-country data and draw on the literature and simulations to discuss policy options, particularly for women for whom the LFP gap is the largest. Using household survey data and...

The 2025 Article IV Consultation discusses that Greece's near-term economic outlook remains favorable, establishing a solid foundation to address remaining crisis legacies and structural imbalances necessary for achieving sustainable growth in the medium to long term. The right policy mix and...

Greece has coped with large current account deficits and negative net foreign assets for a long time. Now, the country has an opportunity to address this vulnerability through the European Union's Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) and its associated Recovery and Resilience Plan (RRP). The...

Cedefop's work on qualifications frameworks dates back to 2003. The Centre has contributed to the conceptual development of the European Qualifications Framework (EQF) and has supported its further implementation, working alongside national authorities and stakeholders to introduce and develop...

The significant increase in non-performing loans (NPLs) during the escalating recession of the Greek economy motivates us to study the predictive power of credit rating models in periods of economic shocks. In parallel, we examined the responsibilities of bank management in the expansion of NPLs...

This paper addresses a critical gap in migration literature by quantifying the opportunity cost of labour emigration for countries of origin within the European Union, using Greece and Poland as case studies from 2004 to 2019. Despite the growing policy and academic interest in the effects of...