Purpose - The main goal of this paper is to analyze the implementation of pharmaceuticals cost-containment measures in Egypt. Design/methodology/approach - This paper adopts descriptive and analytical techniques to assess the extent of implementing pharmaceutical cost-containment measures in...

Baumol's (Am Econ Rev 57: 415–426, 1967) model of 'unbalanced growth' yields a supply-side explanation for the 'cost explosion' in health care. Applying a testing strategy suggested by Hartwig (J Health Econ 27: 603–623, 2008), a sprawling literature affirms that the 'Baumol effect' has both...

This report estimates the global cost of refugee inclusion in host countries' health systems. The methodology applies current health spending in host countries to the number of refugees in each country and models' capital costs to support additional resource needs, such as building new health...

Ensuring sustainable public health investment is a vital global objective, as strong healthcare systems enhance life expectancy, economic productivity, and overall development. Economic complexity has emerged as a key driver of fiscal capacity and long-term prosperity, yet its direct effect on...

The COVID-19 pandemic has renewed the global focus on the role of public health spending, particularly in developing regions where fiscal space is mostly limited. Many African countries have started reassessing the health sector as a core economic resilience component. This study examines how...

Lower middle-income country governments spend only $56 per capita on health while low-income country governments spend less than $10 per capita. However, budgetary space to increase these allocations is severely constrained by stagnant or low economic growth, limited capacity to mobilise...

The mounting prevalence of chronic diseases poses a substantial public health and economic burden, particularly in aging societies such as the United States. Focusing on both direct healthcare expenditure and indirect costs such as productivity loss, this study examines the economic burden of...

Access to accurate and reliable information on the cost of COVID-19 is essential for informed socio-economic policy decisions. This paper analyses the economic costs associated with the COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with a particular focus on Australia. This study examined both the macroeconomic...

Gemäss BFS stiegen die gesamten nominalen Gesundheitsausgaben im Jahr 2023 gegenüber dem Vorjahr um 2.4%. Das KOF berechnet für das Jahr 2024 ein deutlich höheres Wachstum von 4.8%, welches sich in den darauffolgenden Jahren mit 3.7% (2025), 3.6% (2026), und 3.5% (2027) langsam auf hohem...

Botswana's health public expenditure review (PER) analyzes data on health financing and system performance with a view to enhancing the effectiveness, efficiency, equity, and sustainability of health expenditure in Botswana. The PER comprised an assessment of expenditures on health, including...

Public insurance reimbursement policies shape the structure and reach of healthcare markets. In this study, we examine the 1980 federal Medicaid mandate requiring states to reimburse Certified Nurse-Midwives, one of the first reforms targeting non-physician providers. We find the mandate...

In the Philippines, household out-of-pocket or direct payment made by patients, has persistently accounted for nearly half of the country's health spending, which suggests financial burden experienced by Filipinos in accessing care. Since 2013, PhilHealth has paid accredited public and private...

In the 2000s, the Government of the People's Republic of China extended basic health insurance to most of the population. In the 2010s, it introduced a catastrophic medical insurance (CMI) program to further improve urban and rural residents' protection against financial shocks due to inpatient...

Cross-border healthcare refers to healthcare received by an individual outside of their Member State of affiliation. EU citizens have the right to receive healthcare in any EU country and to be reimbursed for cross-border care by their home country. To guarantee this fundamental right, the EU...

We examine the impact of migrant-provided home-based care on elderly health in Italy, focusing on hospitalisation frequency, length of stay, and mortality. To address potential endogeneity between local health conditions and immigrant settlement , we use an instrumental variable approach. Our...

Healthcare expenditure growth is a key economic policy issue threatening the sustainability of public finances in advanced economies. This paper examines the determinants of healthcare expenditure in Switzerland using a time-series analysis for the period 1960-2022. Applying a dynamic OLS and an...

In this report, we characterize the government health expenditures, examine the fragmented and overlapping nature of different financing streams, and propose a framework to address these challenges. In the past decade, the Philippines has experienced unprecedented growth in government health...

The study aims to analyze the economic effects of population ageing in Japan, Spain, Italy, the United States, South Korea, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Canada using the panel ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) model. GDP per capita was adopted as the dependent variable, while the...

This study builds on the analysis on fiscal space for health in Uganda that was conducted by the World Bank in 2010. The previous study by Okwero et al. (2010) showed that there was low and inefficient health spending, limited scope for domestic revenue mobilization, high dependence on external...

Evidence suggests that smokers' responsiveness to cessation medication depends on genotypes. Whether personalized treatment based on genotypes is cost effec- tive compared to standard treatments, however, has been unexplored. We thus construct a lifecycle model with endogenous health evolution...

Healthcare cost acceleration and resource allocation issues have worsened across European health systems, where a small group of patients drives excessive healthcare spending. The prediction of high-cost utilization patterns is important for the sustainable management of healthcare and focused...

Greenhouse gas emissions, primarily carbon dioxide (Co₂), influence climate change and have a significant impact on public health. The relationship is a subject of interest to many researchers. However, the situation of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries is not sufficiently explored...