This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) assesses the performance of the World Bank Group’s (WBG) assistance to the Republic of Kosovo from fiscal years (FY) 2012 to 2025, seeking to identify lessons to inform future WBG engagements in Kosovo, including the next CPF, which is expected in FY27....

Russia’s war in Ukraine continues unabated, despite international efforts to broker a peace settlement. Nearly four years of full-scale war have taken a staggering social, humanitarian, and economic toll, with real GDP in 2025 estimated at about 20 percent below pre-war levels. The authorities...

The economy of Cabo Verde has been growing at a fast pace over the last four years. The authorities have maintained macroeconomic stability and advanced reforms, though climate risks, SOE pressures, and global uncertainties remain. Economic growth is projected at 5.2 percent in 2025, following...

Despite headwinds from energy shortages and declining prices for key export commodities, the recovery gained further momentum in 2025, underpinned by robust domestic demand. After peaking in March, inflation steadily declined on the back of lower import prices and improved supply conditions....

The first review of the ECF was delayed amid program slippages last year. The authorities exceeded the 2024 budget deficit by a sizable margin, and the BSL helped finance the overruns. At the same time, higher-than-expected government spending on imports and energy subsidies substantially...

Côte d’Ivoire’s economy continues to show resilience, supported by the restoration of fiscal and external buffers. The EFF/ECF-supported program approved in May 2023 (400 percent of quota) has largely eliminated macroeconomic imbalances and safeguarded a moderate risk of debt distress....

Economic growth slowed to 6.3 percent in 2024 (compared to 6.8 percent in 2023), reflecting a sluggish extractive sector and is projected to slow further to 4.2 percent in 2025 due to an expected contraction in the extractive sector and a slowdown in the non-extractive sector. Inflation is...

Uganda’s post-pandemic economic performance has been robust with broad-based growth, contained inflation, and an improving external position supported by coffee exports and portfolio inflows. Foreign exchange (FX) reserves have also increased significantly in 2025 amid a favorable external...

Recovery is underway with improving fiscal balance, declining debt, and well-contained inflation, though FY2024 real GDP remained below pre-pandemic levels and the debt level is still high. The 2023 Compact Review Agreement (CRA-23) and a successful tax reform have provided Palau with additional...

Despite external and domestic shocks, Zambia has corrected macroeconomic imbalances, reached agreement on most of the external debt under the perimeter of the debt restructuring, and undertaken sustained fiscal consolidation while safeguarding social spending. Economic activity has expanded in...

In July 2024, the Board approved a four-year arrangement under the Extended Credit Facility to support the Ethiopian authorities’ Homegrown Economic Reform agenda (HGER), which aims to correct macroeconomic imbalances, restore external debt sustainability, and lay the foundations for high,...

Economic activity remains strong despite global uncertainty. Favorable medium-term growth prospects are underpinned by Paraguay’s macroeconomic stability and the ongoing implementation of comprehensive structural reforms. Inflation remains under control, public debt at prudent levels, and...

Hurricane Melissa struck Jamaica shortly after the country successfully completed its Precautionary and Liquidity Line and the Arrangement under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility with the Fund. Jamaica’s strong track record of economic reforms has created critical buffers that are...

The country continues to face a highly challenging environment marked by the conflict in the East, compounded by mounting humanitarian pressures. The situation continues to strain public finances, with escalating security spending crowding out other essential expenditure. Recent political...

Strong growth has continued during 2025 as large financial inflows have contributed to robust domestic demand, but the medium-term outlook remains vulnerable to a less favorable external environment in the context of regional and global uncertainty. Tajikistan’s favorable economic performance...

This Country Program Evaluation reviews the World Bank Group’s engagement in Ethiopia during FY2013–FY2023 across three distinct periods: rapid growth with rising macroeconomic imbalances and political unrest (FY13–FY18); government-led openings to economic reform (FY19–FY20); and...

This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) will assess the performance of the World Bank Group's assistance to the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) between FY 2013 and FY24. The evaluation seeks to identify lessons to inform future Bank Group engagements in the DRC, including the next CPF, which is...

This paper highlights the First Review under the Staff-Monitored Program (SMP). The SMP takes into account Haiti's fragility and capacity constraints, linked to security. Haiti faces a multidimensional crisis with a challenging outlook which is highly uncertain. The country is affected by both...

This paper presents Republic of Kosovo's Fourth reviews under the Stand-By Arrangement and the Arrangement under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility. Kosovo's economic performance continues to be strong. In 2024, growth was 4.4 percent, driven by household consumption, supported by strong...

This paper presents Pakistan's First Review under the Extended Arrangement under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF), Requests for Modification of Performance Criteria, and Request for an Arrangement under the Resilience and Sustainable Facility (RSF). The IMF Executive Board completed the first...

This paper presents Mali's Request for Disbursement under the Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) and Request for a Staff-Monitored Program (SMP). Mali's economy faces climate shocks amid security and humanitarian crisis, and tight financing. Recent flooding damaged infrastructure and agriculture,...

We construct a unique dataset by collecting macro-financial commitments data using textual analysis of the Memorandum of Economic and Financial Policies (MEFPs), a document outlining, inter-alia, policy commitments by member countries, in the context of an IMF-supported program. We combine this...

This Handbook provides guidance to staff on the IMF's facilities available to countries eligible to obtain concessional financing from the Fund under the PRGT, namely low-income countries (LICs). It updates the previous version of the Handbook that was published in March 2023 by incorporating...

This paper presents Suriname's Ninth Review Under the Extended Arrangement under the Extended Fund Facility, Request for a Waiver of Nonobservance of Performance Criterion, and Financing Assurances Review. The objectives of the program have been broadly achieved. The economy is growing,...

This paper highlights Argentina's Request for an Extended Arrangement under the Extended Fund Facility. Building on the authorities' strong track record, the arrangement supports the transition to a new phase of their stabilization and growth plan to entrench macroeconomic stability, strengthen...

This paper presents Morocco's Request for an Arrangement under the Flexible Credit Line (FCL) and Cancellation of the Current Arrangement. The Moroccan economy has shown sustained track record of implementing very strong policies and remarkable resilience to recent shocks, although a succession...

This paper presents Côte d'Ivoire's 2024 Article IV Consultation, Third Reviews under Extended Arrangement under the Extended Fund Facility and the Arrangement under the Extended Credit Facility, Request for Modification of a Quantitative Performance Criterion, and Second Review under the...

This paper focuses Morocco's 2025 Article IV Consultation and Third Review under the Arrangement under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility. The Moroccan economy continued to show resilience despite another year of drought, with real gross domestic product growth projected to slow modestly...

This paper presents Burkina Faso's Second Review under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) Arrangement and Financing Assurances Review. Burkina Faso's performance under the program has been satisfactory. The authorities met all quantitative performance criteria, all indicative targets but one,...

Legislative elections in January 2025 widened the ruling party's majority. Economic activity softened during 2024, but with signs of year-end recovery that have continued in the first months of 2025. Real GDP growth in 2024 is estimated at 3.3 percent. Inflation has been persistent, averaging 5...

The authorities' implementation of the home-grown economic recovery and transformation (BERT 2022) plan and ambitious climate agenda has remained strong, supported by the IMF's Extended Fund Facility (EFF) and the Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF) arrangements. Economic activity was...

Armenia's economic outlook is broadly favorable. Real GDP growth remains strong, gradually decelerating from its previous highs as temporary external drivers have continued to dissipate. Inflation has picked up in recent months but remains moderate, around the CBA's target. The current account...

Economic momentum remains strong, and inflation is slowly coming down. Despite strong revenue collection efforts, fiscal performance in 2024 was weaker than anticipated due to unbudgeted spending pressures and faster execution of foreign financed capital projects. The foreign exchange market...

The summer 2024 uprising has significantly disrupted the IMF-supported program, necessitating a recalibration. Massive protests led to the ousting of the previous government, the formation of an interim cabinet, and the replacement of Bangladesh Bank's Governor. While some stability has...

Economic growth for Seychelles in 2024 is estimated at 2.9 percent. Year-on-year inflation reached 1.7 percent as of December, driven by an increase in utility prices and pass-through effects of currency depreciation. Fiscal performance in 2024 was tighter than budgeted, driven mainly by...

CAR's ECF-supported program has helped support crucial governance and transparency reforms, aided by improvements in the security environment. Nonetheless, fiscal pressures persist, as revenue mobilization has not kept pace with rising spending and debt service. Particularly, fuel supply...

Papua New Guinea (PNG) is navigating a wide range of macroeconomic and social challenges. The economy was beset by a series of exogenous shocks over the past decade, including low commodity prices, droughts, earthquakes, and the COVID-19 pandemic, which adversely affected growth, contributed to...

Economic resilience continues, and the recalibration of monetary and exchange rate policies initiated in 2024 is bearing fruit, with the economy rebalancing, inflation contained, international reserves strengthening, and foreign exchange market conditions improving. Progress under the...

Despite a challenging external environment, Rwanda's economy grew by 8.9 percent in 2024, driven by robust performances in services, construction, and food crop production. Inflation stabilized within the central bank's target range, underpinned by a combination of tight monetary policy and...

An impressive reform track record has simultaneously spurred GDP growth and reduced public debt, economic fundamentals are very strong, and the economic outlook remains favorable. The authorities are committed to maintaining their very strong policies and frameworks

Bolivia's chronic macroeconomic imbalances have reached acute levels, exacerbated by a structural decline in gas production, sociopolitical tensions, and climate shocks. Fiscal deficits are large and are predominantly being financed by the central bank. Usable foreign exchange (FX) reserves have...

Three years of war have taken a staggering social, humanitarian, and economic toll. Efforts to end the war, and potential changes to international support retain the exceptionally high uncertainty to the outlook. Yet, the authorities' commitment to reforms and fulfillment of all necessary Fund...

The fifth review of a three-year Extended Credit Facility (ECF) arrangement (SDR 324 million, 200 percent of quota) was concluded on July 10, 2024. Resilient activity in the non-hydrocarbon sector supported economic growth in 2024, while oil production continued to surprise on the downside....

Economic recovery has continued, but growth remains subdued. Structural and governance weaknesses, ongoing internal conflicts and security concerns, social tensions around presidential elections in October 2025, and climate hazards continue to hinder the growth outlook, which is also unfavorably...

Political uncertainty remains high with another change of government in July 2024-the fifth since the beginning of the Fund-supported program. Substantial flooding and landslides in September 2024 further weighed on sluggish domestic demand, though conversely helping strengthen the external...