This paper studies temporal factors influencing the effectiveness of don't drive appeals (DDAs) which policy-makers use to encourage motorists to voluntarily reduce driving during transitory high pollution episodes. We derive and empirically validate a theoretical framework for DDAs where the...

People in many parts of North Macedonia are exposed to more toxic particulate matter air pollution than their neighbors in Western Europe. The burning of solid fuels for heating in homes and other buildings is a main driver of high ambient concentrations of particulate matter air pollution,...

Low emission zones (LEZ) represent a key environmental policy instrument to address air pollution in cities. LEZs have reduced air pollution and associated health damages in regulated areas, but it remains unclear who has benefited from cleaner air. To examine the distributional effects of LEZs,...

To support the green transition in the automotive sector, the EU has introduced CO2 emission performance standards, also known as the excess emissions premium (EEP) regulation, which will tighten until 2035. Manufacturers exceeding their average fleet emission targets must pay a penalty. The...

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is becoming an emerging topic in climate policy. We review the nascent economic literature on the governance of CDR and discuss policy design and institutions. We first assess the role of CDR in climate policy portfolios that include abatement and adaptation. Cost...

The ongoing decline in environmental quality is one of the biggest global challenges facing humankind today. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences and similarities among the EU-27 countries regarding air pollution emissions (greenhouse gases and acidifying gases) and their...

Within the harmonisation programme of Air Quality monitoring in Europe the European Reference Laboratory of Air Pollution (ERLAP) organises Proficiency Tests (PT). During the period 11-14 of March 2024, including ERLAP, ten Laboratories of AQUILA (Network of European Air Quality Reference...

Air pollution represents the first environmental health problem in EU. The EU Action Plan: "Towards a Zero Pollution for Air, Water and Soil" provides a vision for 2025, including 2030 targets such as improving air quality to reduce the number of premature deaths. In this technical report we...

Within the harmonisation programme of Air Quality monitoring in Europe the European Reference Laboratory of Air Pollution (ERLAP) organises Proficiency Tests (PT). From 18-21 March 2024, eleven Laboratories of AQUILA (Network of European Air Quality Reference Laboratories, including ERLAP)...

This paper evaluates the aggregate impact of air pollution regulations introduced by the US Environmental Protection Agency in the early 2000s. We first provide regression evidence on the regulations' effects across industries and local labor markets. We then use these results to calibrate a...

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is becoming an emerging topic in climate policy. We review the nascent economic literature on the governance of CDR and discuss policy design and institutions. We first assess the role of CDR in climate policy portfolios that include abatement and adaptation. Cost...

The purpose of this toolkit is to provide advice and support for EU Member States, their regions or cities in the development of measures to mitigate the potential adverse impacts of bioenergy on air quality. Bioenergy use accounts for around 50% of the emissions of fine particulate matter...

Air pollution is the largest environmental health risk in Europe, causing cardiovascular and respiratory diseases that lead to the loss of healthy years of life and, in the worst cases, to preventable deaths. This briefing presents the status of concentrations of pollutants in ambient air in...

Despite significant progress, air pollution still causes €600 billion in losses each year in the European Union - equal to 4 percent of its annual GDP. These costs stem from productivity losses such as increased absenteeism, the reduction of in-job productivity and harm to ecosystems. Air...

This study quantifies the financial burden of acute air pollution on the French healthcare system. By combining comprehensive French administrative health data for a nationally representative sample with high-resolution geospatial data on air pollution and meteorological conditions, the...

Using a stacked differences-in-differences approach, we study the effects of Low Emission Zones (LEZs) in Germany. The implementation of stage 1 and 2 LEZs, which banned the most pollution-intensive vehicles from city centers, significantly reduced PM10 concentrations. The most restrictive third...

This paper shows how to combine microeconometric evidence on the effects of environmental policy with a macroeconomic model, accounting for general equilibrium spillovers that have mostly been ignored in the literature. To this end, we study the effects of a recent US air pollution policy. We...

Governments monitor air quality for regulatory purposes and, more recently, to provide information so individuals can act to lower their exposure to air pollution. Recent developments in low-cost technologies have also led to private adoption of air-quality monitors that produce publicly...

Does exposure to air pollution impact mental health? This paper uses administrative health insurance data to estimate the long-term cumulative effects of air pollution exposure on mental health outcomes. For identification, we exploit the staggered introduction of Low Emission Zones (LEZs)...

Air pollution generates vast health burdens and economic costs around the world. Pollution exposure varies greatly, both between countries and within them. But the degree of air quality inequality and its' trajectory have not been quantified at a global level. I use economic inequality indices...

In pursuit of innovation-driven green development, effectively leveraging innovation policies for environmental betterment has emerged as a pivotal challenge in China's sustainable development trajectory. Investigating 287 Chinese cities from 2010 to 2020, this study adopts the pilot initiative...

This paper investigates the impact of air pollution on reservation wages. We use rich survey data on unemployed job seekers in Germany and exploit variation in individual exposure to fine particulate matter (PM10) based on the quasi-random allocation of interview slots to individuals. Our...

Air pollution poses significant environmental and health risks, with numerous studies suggesting its dire consequences ranging from respiratory diseases to global climate change implications. In this context, understanding energy consumption patterns and their impact on air pollution is...

Urbanization has escalated air pollution levels with subsequent health implications. This study explores the potential of awareness about air quality levels on travelers' choices and proposes machine learning models to predict travel mode under exposure to different air quality levels. These...

Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, most countries implemented a partial or full lockdown as a preventive measure. Although lockdown caused an economic contraction, it unexpectedly improved the environment, especially air pollution. This paper quantifies the impact of the lockdown on...

RI-URBANS is reshaping air quality monitoring in Europe, with a mission to make clean city air a reality. The project complements existing air quality monitoring systems by identifying new pollutants and tracking their fluctuations using advanced tools. This will enable European health...

This paper studies how air quality around combustion power plants changes in response to hydrological droughts that affect hydropower generation. Using fixed-effect and post-double selection methods, the paper analyzes a unique plant-level panel of fine particulate matter concentrations and...

This paper explores the impact of China's low-carbon pilot policy on air pollution levels. Employing a difference-in-difference approach based on propensity score matching, we find that the policy significantly reduced air pollution in the pilot cities. However, we also uncover a negative...

China’s nighttime economy is associated with leisure, tourism and service sectors, mainly including entertainment-related activities such as restaurants and theatres. Using night lights to proxy for the nighttime economy at the com- munities of China, this study examines the effects of the...

Bad indoor air quality in schools disrupts education, makes students and teachers sick, and leads to medical bills and other economic losses. Connecticut Substitute Senate Bill No. 1198 will reduce these harms, and the benefits of the bill are much larger than the costs.The net present values of...

The Clean Air Act is one of Congress’ greatest success stories—a major piece of legislation, passed in the context of environmental and public health crises, that has driven technological change through regulation that has dramatically improved air quality even in a prolonged period of...

Although air quality deteriorates every year and millions of lives are put at risk, the determinants of individual attitudes toward environmental pollution remain obscure. We propose a hypothesis whereby the current day’s air quality affects attitudes toward environmental pollution. In the...

Electric vehicles (EV) and other so-called low emission vehicles (LEV) are promoted as means to reduce Greenhouse Gas emissions. Economists routinely assess the corresponding saving in emissions by considering that EV emit only “in the power plant”, based on the technological features of the...