Much attention is focused on finding ways to encourage females to study STEM in school and college but what actually happens once women complete a STEM degree? We use the UK Quarterly Labour Force Survey to trace out gender differences in STEM persistence over the career. We find a continuous...

Much attention is focused on finding ways to encourage females to study STEM in school and college but what actually happens once women complete a STEM degree? We use the UK Quarterly Labour Force Survey to trace out gender differences in STEM persistence over the career. We find a continuous...

This article studies the implications of highly skilled labor international migration in a two-country dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model. The model considers three types of workers: Science, Technology, Engineering, or Mathematics (STEM) workers, non-STEM college educated workers, and...

We propose simple mathematical models for the legal concept ofbalancing of interests, to resolve the conflict between the rights toprivacy and to the protection of personal data in Art. 7 and Art. 8 ofthe EU Charter of Fundamental Rights (EUCh) against the right ofaccess to information derived...

In recent years, a school of economics called MMT (Modern Monetary Theory) has been attracting attention, but it has not been analyzed theoretically or mathematically. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for the skeleton of the MMT argument, while maintaining the basics of the...

We study the role of social network structure in peer-to-peer educational spillovers by leveraging a two-year field experiment in primary schools in rural Bangladesh. We implement a randomized educational intervention--the provision of free after-school tutoring--offered to a random subsample of...

Before the use of mathematics in economics was generalized, mathematical and nonmathematically trained economist lived together. This paper studies this period of cohabitation. By focusing on the communication challenges between these two groups during the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, a watershed...

We investigate the effect of standardized mathematics scores for young adults on the number of COVID-19 cases in the United States. We find that a one grade level increase in test scores led to a decrease in COVID-19 cases 30, 60, and 90 days after the first case in each county. Our findings...

This paper investigates whether exposure to academically gifted peers of the same and opposite gender in primary school (grade 5, at age 10) affects later academic achievement (grade 8, at age 13) and high-school track choice. For identification, we exploit random allocation of kids across...

This paper investigates whether exposure to academically gifted peers of the same and opposite gender in primary school (grade 5, at age 10) affects later academic achievement (grade 8, at age 13) and high-school track choice. For identification we exploit random allocation of kids across...

We propose simple mathematical models for the legal concept ofbalancing of interests, to resolve the conflict between the rights toprivacy and to the protection of personal data in Art. 7 and Art. 8 ofthe EU Charter of Fundamental Rights (EUCh) against the right ofaccess to information derived...

This paper analyzes the link between the subject choices of German students in upper secondary school and teacher gender when these choices are taken. Our results corroborate the hypothesis that teacher gender matters in this regard, and they indicate that girls respond more strongly than boys...

Using different production function models, we study the causal association between adolescence development and the increase in the gap in math performance between boys and girls. We use data from the 1958 British National Child Development Study, a longitudinal survey of all British children...

General equilibrium models are typically presented with mathematical methods, such as the Edgeworth Box, that do not easily generalize to more than two goods and more than two agents. This is fine as a conceptual introduction, but it may be insufficient in the "Big Data-Machine-Learning-Era",...

In this writing, fair pricing models for stocks are derived based on probability theory. The models are validated by US stock market 5-minute mid-quote to mid-quote reversion, not due to bid and ask bouncing, with theoretical values highly close to market observed ones. The relationship between...

General equilibrium models are typically presented with mathematical methods, such as the Edgeworth Box, that do not easily generalize to more than two goods and more than two agents. This is fine as a conceptual introduction, but it may be insufficient in the "Big Data−Machine...

Disputes over whether the Scientific Revolution contributed to the Industrial Revolution begin with the common assumption that natural philosophers and artisans formed radically distinct groups. In reality, these groups merged together through a diverse group of applied mathematics teachers,...

Previous research has shown that norms around the role of women in society could help explain the gender gap in mathematics and that these norms could be transmitted within the family. Using data from the Florida Department of Education combined with birth certificates we uncover important...

Mathematical finance plays a vital role in many fields within finance and provides the theories and tools that have been widely used in all areas of finance. Knowledge of mathematics, probability, and statistics is essential to develop finance theories and test their validity through the...

Why are females compared to males both more likely to have strong STEM-related performance and less likely to study STEM later on? We exploit random assignment of students to classrooms in Greece to identify the impact of comparative advantage in STEM relative to non-STEM subjects on STEM...

This paper is a short introduction to the essentials in Mathematics for Economic modeling. Analytical modeling frequently uses key mathematical tools and this work is an attempt at summarizing and giving intuitions regarding these basic concepts

Using unique data on preference rankings for all high school students who apply for college in Ireland, we investigate whether, conditional on absolute achievement, within school-cohort rank in English and math affects choice of college major. We find that higher rank in math increases the...

The paper contends that neoclassical ideology stems, to a great extent, from mathematical analysis. It is suggested that mainstream economic thought can be comprehensively revisited if both histories of mathematical and economic thought are to be taken collaboratively into account. Ideology is...

Disputes over whether the Scientific Revolution contributed to the Industrial Revolution begin with the common assumption that natural philosophers and artisans formed radically distinct groups. In reality, these groups merged together through a diverse group of applied mathematics teachers,...

Policymakers often promote the importance of STEM jobs but are concerned about the underrepresentation of women and minorities in these jobs. However, there is no agreed-upon definition of STEM jobs. I use occupation task data from O*Net to analyze the STEM task content of occupations, drawing...

Even in OECD countries, where an increasing proportion of the workforce has a university degree, the value of basic skills in literacy and numeracy remains high. Indeed, in some countries the return for such skills, in the form of higher wages, is sufficiently large to suggest that they are in...

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of pensionomics as a prospective tool for pension evaluation. This paper suggests a paradigm shift - a multi-disciplinary synthesis of differing perspectives in evaluating pension's overall performance based on past work on pension...

Before the use of mathematics in economics was generalized, mathematical and nonmathematically trained economist lived together. This paper studies this period of cohabitation. By focusing on the communication challenges between these two groups during the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, a watershed...

The so-called "gender-equality paradox" is the fact that gender segregation across occupations is more pronounced in more egalitarian and more developed countries. Some scholars have explained this paradox by the existence of deeply rooted or intrinsic gender differences in preferences that...

This paper applies recent spatial regression techniques in peer effects estimation to a sample of 33 countries in the IAE's TIMSS 2015 study in order to quantify the gender achievement gap in eighth grade mathematics. Based on an education production function setting and controlling for the...

Using unique data on preference rankings for all high school students who apply for college in Ireland, we investigate whether, conditional on absolute achievement, within school-cohort rank in English and math affects choice of college major. We find that higher rank in math increases the...