The European Union’s Methane Emissions Regulation (EU MER), effective from August 2024, introduces a methane intensity standard for fossil fuel imports into the EU. It places new compliance requirements on EU importers and, indirectly, on non-EU producers and exporters, including those...

As a result of the Russian attack on Ukraine, natural gas prices skyrocketed in 2022 and Germany in particular felt the impact of its strong dependency on Russia. Prices have since relaxed, the European natural gas industry has overcome the uncertainty due to the energy crisis in 2022, and the...

Implied covenants are obligations that are not expressly imposed by a contract, but which courts nevertheless find are binding on one or more parties to the contract. Courts routinely hold that oil and gas lessees are bound by several implied covenants. This Article reviews the various implied...

Of all the contracts used in the oil and gas industry, none is as important as the oil and gas lease. It is the foundational instrument in oil and gas and a required prerequisite to development for those who do not own the mineral estate. Its uniqueness arises in that unlike most other oil and...

The impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on the natural gas trade, inter alia, continues to be felt well beyond Europe’s borders. As the accelerated decarbonisation of the world’s economies is being pushed forward, Europe’s unexpected interest in alternative sources of gas imports to replace...

The energy crisis, catalysed by the Russian invasion of Ukraine, has disrupted the global gas market. This analysis out to 2030 assesses the impact of the crisis and considers whether this may lead to a fundamental change in the global gas market or whether it my just be a slight blip in the...

In the wake of the gas crisis, in March 2022 the European Council called on the Council and the Commission to examine how ‘an aggregator model / single buyer’ could help reduce gas prices. The Council also said that Member States and the Commission would ‘work together on voluntary common...

The study examines dynamic volatility transmissions among European Energy industry participants along the production lines, using the Diebold and Yilmaz (2012)’s spillover index. We sort the sector participants, based on their production exposure, into Upstream, Midstream, Downstream, and...

This study uses a structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model to examine the relationships between the intensity of drilling (i.e. investment) for natural gas production, natural gas withdrawals, economic activity and natural gas prices in the United States. The results show that the reaction...

"Petroleum reserves are critical to the oil and gas industry, representing the recoverable amount of oil, gas, and natural gas liquids over time. Reserve forecasts are used by companies for planning, budgeting, and capital allocation, while energy lenders, investors, and government agencies rely...

Oil and gas company returns are compared between upstream, midstream, and down-stream sectors from 2000 through 2020. Crude oil, natural gas, and distillate returns reflect project risk, infrastructure, and conditions within the industry. Equity, commodity, and distillate markets positively...

In order to mitigate climate change, new solutions are being sought by energy companies to reduce CO2 emissions from offshore production facilities. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) may be a technically and economically viable alternative option compared to electrification of offshore facilities...

Most companies are postponing their decommissioning activities due to cash flow restrictions, others are taking advantage of low oil prices to speed up decommissioning activities as some of the related oilfield service costs are also reduced.However, decommissioning is an emerging and growing...

Oil and gas company returns are compared between upstream, midstream, and down-stream sectors from 2000 through 2020. Crude oil, natural gas, and distillate returns reflect project risk, infrastructure, and conditions within the industry. Equity, commodity, and distillate markets positively...

For many years Russian domination of SE Europe’s gas imports meant it was regarded as “Russia’s market”. In the last 3 years, however, much new infrastructure has been commissioned, which has enabled the region to diversify its import mix and significantly change its gas flow patterns....

With the large-scale development of shale gas, oil-based drilling fluids are widely used, generating significant amounts of solid wastes from oil-based shale drilling cutting (OBSDC), which are difficult to degrade and biologically toxic. The current treatment methods do not meet the...

Natural gas hydrate (NGH) technology holds great promise in natural gas storage and transportation. Utilization of promotor can effectively improve NGH formation kinetics. In this work, we constructed -SO3--rich hydrogel clathrate (poly(styrenesulfonate-co-acrylamide), (PSS-co-AAm)) as promoter...

There are numerous risks associated with mining and owning cryptocurrencies, and exploring and producing oil and natural gas are highly risky, costly, and controversial. A marriage of digital mining and exploring and producing oil and natural gas has reduced the major risks and costs for both...

Most companies are postponing their decommissioning activities due to cash flow restrictions, others are taking advantage of low oil prices to speed up decommissioning activities as some of the related oilfield service costs are also reduced.However, decommissioning is an emerging and growing...

Clean utilization of CO2-rich industrial waste gas ( CO2-rich IWG ) is of great significance to realize carbon neutralization. Due to the strong adsorption capacity of clay and organic matter in shale to CO2, it has a good potential for CO2-rich IWG storage and replacement. So, the feasibility...

Petroleum resource development generates a legacy of energy wells that must be decommissioned effectively as we transition towards NetZero. Unfortunately, some decommissioned wells (DWs) can suffer integrity failure resulting in release of fugitive natural gas into the surrounding soils and...

In April of 2018, an optical gas imaging (OGI) and full flow sampler (FFS) emissions measurement study of pneumatic controllers (PCs) at 15 oil and natural gas production sites in West Virginia was conducted. A total of 391 PC systems supporting 66 working wells were found. All were classified...