We document that a theoretically founded, real-time, and easy-to-implement option-based measure, termed synthetic-stock difference (SSD), accurately estimates the part of stock's expected return arising from stock's transaction costs. We calculate SSD for U.S. optionable stocks. SSD can be more...

Astonishingly little attention has been paid in academic literature to the 2008-2009 foreign exchange (FX) options debacle in Poland, the scale of which was unheard of. It affected not only an individual organization but a significant part of economy, being an example of a situation in which...

Hedging down-and-out puts (and up-and-out calls), where the maximum payoff is reached just before a barrier is hit that would render the claim worthless afterwards, is challenging. All hedging methods potentially lead to large errors when the underlying is already close to the barrier and the...

Using a market model and principal component analysis, we investigate the existence of common effects in order imbalance in the Borsa Istanbul's option market. Accordingly, we find the presence of commonality in order imbalance for call options and an even more dominant presence in put options....

Hedging being a predominant financial concern, is considered as a robust method of managing investment risks. Literature evinces that the covered call strategy provides nominal returns alongside effective hedging. However, studies have not compared the hedging effectiveness of covered call,...

Financial markets behave in a volatile manner at certain stages in their maturity. These volatile conditions pose a market risk to an investor that can be limited by imposing derivatives strategies within the investment objective. The aim of this paper is to provide investors with a trading...

We examine the effects of limited investor attention on stock returns by using Google search volume index to measure investor attention. We also investigate whether national culture and market development have any role in this relationship. We find that the impact of investor attention on stock...

In this paper, the generalised autoregressive heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model is applied to the pricing of collateralised options in the South African equity market. Symmetric GARCH and nonlinear asymmetric GARCH (AGARCH) models are considered. The models are used to price fully collateralised...

By employing the modified net buying pressure as a measure of informed option trading, this study tested whether option trading around quarterly earnings announcements is either directionally motivated and/or volatility motivated. We found evidence that is consistent with the idea that option...

This study sets out a new methodology to exemplify, through a set of risk metrics called the Greeks, impact of a bond’s structured provisions (e.g., call, put, and conversion options) on its risk characteristics and its propensity for agency conflicts. The methodology is assessed by applying...

This article addresses the problem of pricing European options when the underlying asset is not perfectly liquid. A liquidity discounting factor as a function of market-wide liquidity governed by a mean-reverting stochastic process and the sensitivity of the underlying price to market-wide...

We provide the first comprehensive analysis of option information for pricing the cross-section of stock returns by jointly examining extensive sets of firm and option characteristics. Using portfolio sorts and high-dimensional methods, we show that certain option measures have significant...

We analyze how informed investors trade in the options market ahead of corporate news when they receive private, but noisy, information about the timing and impact of these announcements on stock prices. We propose a framework that ranks options trading strategies (option type, maturity, and...

In this paper, I study trading activities prior to M&A announcements pertaining to the rivals of the merging firms. I find that not only acquirers and targets experience increases in abnormal trading activities in stock and option markets, but also their rivals. The rise in option trading is...

Trading in binary options is discussed using an approach based on expected profit (EP) and expected loss (EL) as metrics of reward and risk of trades. These metrics are reviewed and the role of the EL/EP ratio as an indicator of quality of trades, taking risk tolerance into account, is...

With the transitions to overnight benchmarks as the main benchmarks in some currencies, futures based on overnight rates are becoming more common. The most traded futures on overnight rates settle against compounded rates. The pricing of those futures requires some convexity adjustments with an...

The cross-section of options holds great promise for identifying return distributions and risk premia, but estimating dynamic option valuation models with latent state variables is challenging when using large option panels. We propose a particle MCMC framework with a novel filtering approach...

The ability of option-based measures to predict future stock returns is not a sufficient condition for the existence of incremental information in options. If options markets are informationally more efficient than the stock market, then option measures may be used to predict future actual stock...

We propose a counter-cyclical initial margin model for option portfolios. Our model explores the intrinsic netting within a given portfolio of European options and outputs a constant upper bound of the maximum possible loss. This feature would allow option clearinghouses and regulators to gauge...

We combine the one-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation and the semi-analytical one-dimensional heat potential method to design an efficient technique for pricing barrier options on assets with correlated stochastic volatility. Our approach to barrier options valuation utilizes two loops. First we...

We document the growth of retail options trading over time and provide evidence that retail investors are drawn to options by anticipated spikes in volatility. Using data on options trades by clientele groups, we show retail investors purchase options in a concentrated fashion before firms'...

We show that the distribution of the arithmetic, continuous average of log-normal variables is log-normal. We also introduce a simple, explicit formula for pricing the arithmetic Asian options. The pricing formula is as simple as the classical Black-Scholes formula

Option traders are considered among the most informed investors because their trades strongly predict future stock returns. We identify the source of their information edge using a quasi-exogenous shock to insider trading enforcement. With the arrest of Raj Rajaratnam, prosecutors launched an...

The stock options implied volatility skew reflects both the structural risk characteristics of the underlying company and the short-term information flow about the stock price movement. This paper builds a semi-structural cross-sectional option pricing model to separate the structural risk...

This paper conducts a first look into the regulated Bitcoin options market in the United States. Compared to stock options, bitcoin options tend to be ten times more illiquid as measured by bid-ask spreads. The illiquidity significantly affects bitcoin options pricing: Given that investors are...

When interest rates change, interest rate options dealers buy or sell securities to adjust the hedging positions that they have taken in order to offset their options exposures. The net result of this trading activity, which is unrelated to economic fundamentals, can be to push interest rates...

Relying on a latent factor model with time-varying temporal dependence of systematic risk and mispricing on firm and option characteristics, we reveal economically substantial mispricing in the options market. The portfolio based on individual options alphas related to characteristics earns an...