We test if an increase in common ownership changes future expected profits with an event study method. We collect instances of a stock entering the S&P 500 index and identify its product market competitors. We measure the change in institutional and common ownership (with product market rivals)...

We utilize shopping receipt lotteries that almost every shopper participates in and complete administrative data in Taiwan to examine the effect of cash windfalls on stock market participation. The advantage of using receipt lottery winning is its immunity from the sampling biases that may limit...

We create a novel dataset to examine the nature and determinants of dual-class IPOs. We document that dual-class firms have different types of controlling shareholders and wedges between voting and economic rights. We find that the founders' wedge is largest when founders have stronger...

Analysis of risk and return of individual stock is primary steps of every investor before making investment. The main purpose of individual investor is maximizing wealth in a low level of risk. But it is very difficult to find out such investment avenue from the pool of investment avenues. In...

We incorporate regime switching between monetary and fiscal policies in a general equilibrium model to explain three stylized facts: (1) the positive stock-bond return correlation from 1971 to 2000 and the negative one after 2000, (2) the negative correlation between consumption and inflation...

Similarity between two stocks is measured by the distance between their characteristics such as price, size, book-to-market, return on assets, and investment-to-assets. We find that after a stock's most similar stocks have experienced high (low) returns in the past month, this focal stock tends...

We propose an approach to identifying economic shocks (monetary, growth, and risk-premium news) from stock returns and Treasury yield changes, which allows us to study the drivers of asset prices at a daily frequency since the early 1980s. We apply the identification to examine investors'...

We incorporate regime switching between monetary and fiscal policies in a general equilibrium model to explain three stylized facts: (1) the positive stock-bond return correlation from 1971 to 2000 and the negative one after 2000, (2) the negative correlation between consumption and inflation...

We test if an increase in common ownership changes future expected profits with an event study method. We collect instances of stocks entering the S&P500 and identify their product market competitors. We measure changes in institutional and common ownership (with product market rivals) and find...

This paper investigates how firm debt disproportionately impacted the stock returns of firms who were highly exposed to the economic consequences of social distancing. Specifically, I use a difference-in-difference design to causally identify the impact that higher levels of firm debt had for...

The theoretical engagement with the law of Equity has never been so popular as nowadays. This immensely important body of law is now attracting the attention of private law theoreticians as questions that were first raised by Aristotle take a modern twist, and entrenched traditions are being...

With inflation rates remaining close to zero in all major developed economies for long periods of time, especially from 1998 - 2015, investors have become increasingly concerned about the potential effects of deflation on asset value. Negative inflation rates were observed between 1998 and 2009...

We find that bond issues increased substantially since the onset of the COVID-19 crisis in calendar week 12 (March 16-20) for bonds rated A or higher, but surprisingly also for bonds rated BBB or lower. In contrast to existing evidence on bond maturities in economic downturns, we document that...

We propose an approach to identifying economic shocks (monetary, growth, and risk-premium news) from stock returns and Treasury yield changes, which allows us to study the drivers of asset prices at a daily frequency since the early 1980s. We apply the identification to examine investors'...

Context specific language or jargon helps, by definition, to efficiently and precisely transfer information. However, due to its complex nature, jargon might also be a tool to obfuscate information. This paper studies whether jargon is used in verbal firm disclosures to obfuscate or to...

Firms operating in innovative, technology-based environments account for an increasingly significant portion of all recent dual-class IPOs. Shedding new light on the determinants of dual-class structure among such firms, this article contributes to the long-standing debate over the desirability...

We study the predictive power of option-implied moment risk premia embedded in theconventional variance risk premium. We find that while the second moment risk premiumpredicts market returns in short horizons with positive coefficients, the third (fourth)moment risk premium predicts market...

Shareholder perks are in-kind gifts or purchase discounts that disproportionately reward small shareholders. Data from Japanese firms indicate that firms initiating perk programs attract individual retail shareholders and experience increases in share values. We find support for three channels...

We show that in a general equilibrium model with heterogeneity in risk aversion or belief, shifting wealth from an agent who holds comparatively fewer stocks to one who holds more reduces the equity premium. Since empirically the rich hold more stocks than do the poor, inequality should predict...

We present a sufficient condition under which the prices of options written on a particular stock can be aggregated to calculate a lower bound on the expected returns of that stock. The sufficient condition imposes a restriction on a combination of the stock's systematic and idiosyncratic risk....

We incorporate regime switching between monetary and fiscal policies in a general equilibrium model to explain three stylized facts: (1) the positive stock-bond return correlation from 1971 to 2000 and the negative one after 2000, (2) the negative correlation between consumption and inflation...

More frequent, larger, and more recent debt and equity issues in the prior three fiscal years are followed by lower stock returns in the subsequent year. The intercept of a q-factor calendar-time regression for the value-weighted portfolio of firms with at least three large issues is -0.63% per...

We pursue a cross-country comparison of relative financial readiness of older households in Japan and the Republic of Korea relative to the US. Our comparative analysis, using macro-level and harmonized longitudinal household financial data, covers the principal financial channels of old age...

Using a representative online panel from the US, we examine how individuals' macroeconomic expectations causally affect their personal economic prospects and their behavior. To exogenously vary respondents' expectations, we provide them with different professional forecasts about the likelihood...

We measure the skew risk premium in the equity index market through the skew swap. We argue that just as variance swaps can be used to explore the relationship between the implied variance in option prices and realized variance, so too can skew swaps be used to explore the relationship between...

We measure the skew risk premium in the equity index market through the skew swap. We argue that just as variance swaps can be used to explore the relationship between the implied variance in option prices and realized variance, so too can skew swaps be used to explore the relationship between...

The debate over whether dual class of shares increases or decreases share value, should be prohibited or not, should be subjected to mandatory sunset provisions, and so on has been heating up over the last few years. This paper reviews the pros and cons of dual class of shares in light of more...

This appendix contains additional figures and tables referenced in the paper, but not included in the main figures and tables. It contains the geographic distribution of shareholders and a visualization of the business network. It includes alternative specifications for the county-level and...

We estimate an aggregate elasticity of substitution between capital and labor near or below one, which implies that capital deepening cannot explain the global decline in labor's share. Our methodology derives from transition paths in the neo-classical growth model. The elasticity of...