The authors analyze the economics of natural gas production in the U.S. in light of the government's recent dramatic upward revisions in gas reserve estimates as a result of advances in horizontal drilling and fracturing (“fracking”). While some observers believe the U.S. will enjoy very...

We analyze mortgage lenders’ behavior with respect to shale gas risk during the period of the U.S. shale gas boom, which coincided with fluctuations in the U.S. housing market and increased scrutiny in the lending industry. Shale gas operations have the potential to place affected houses into...

The UK is believed to hold prolific reserves of shale gas; the quality of which has been compared and sometimes branded superior to the much successful US shale plays. Nonetheless, after more than ten years since the 13th Onshore Licensing Round, the fracking industry is said to have benefited...

Oil and gas leases between mineral owners and extraction firms ubiquitously include royalty and primary term clauses. The royalty denotes the share of revenue that is paid to the mineral owner, and the primary term specifies the date by which the firm must complete a well, lest it lose the...

Clean utilization of CO2-rich industrial waste gas ( CO2-rich IWG ) is of great significance to realize carbon neutralization. Due to the strong adsorption capacity of clay and organic matter in shale to CO2, it has a good potential for CO2-rich IWG storage and replacement. So, the feasibility...

With the large-scale development of shale gas, oil-based drilling fluids are widely used, generating significant amounts of solid wastes from oil-based shale drilling cutting (OBSDC), which are difficult to degrade and biologically toxic. The current treatment methods do not meet the...

The successful development of shale gas industry in China has a significant impact on China's energy consumption structure and the world energy market. Based on the socio-technical transition theory, this study defines the development of shale gas industry as the socio-technical system...

This research exploits the introduction of shale gas wells in Pennsylvania in response to growing controversy around the drilling method of hydraulic fracturing. Using detailed location data on maternal addresses and GIS coordinates of gas wells, this study examines singleton births to mothers...

Using a unique combination of datasets and estimation techniques, we test whether private lease negotiations to extract oil and natural gas exhibit features of Coasian efficiency. We demonstrate that measures of wealth (including income, house square footage, and land acreage), typically...

We analyze mortgage lenders' behavior with respect to shale gas risk during the period of the U.S. shale gas boom, which coincided with fluctuations in the U.S. housing market and increased scrutiny in the lending industry. Shale gas operations have the potential to place affected houses into...

A study of ground level atmospheric ethane concentrations from twenty four stations around the world in the sample period 2005-2015 does not show evidence that ethane emissions from shale gas production have reversed a falling trend in atmospheric ethane in the Northern Hemisphere. The data...

We evaluate the impact of the credit conditions facing corporations on their emissions of toxic air pollutants. Exploiting cross-county, cross-time shale discoveries that generated liquidity windfalls at local bank branches, we construct measures of (1) the degree to which banks in non-shale...

Water is one of the most important commodities in the world and plays an essential role in the hydrocarbon industry. With increased agricultural production, rapid industrialization, population growth and climate change, the world is facing an extreme water crisis in many regions. Coupled with a...

Oil and gas leases between mineral owners and extraction firms ubiquitously include royalty and primary term clauses. The royalty denotes the share of revenue that is paid to the mineral owner, and the primary term specifies the date by which the firm must complete a well, lest it lose the...

Oil and gas leases between mineral owners and extraction firms ubiquitously include royalty and primary term clauses. The royalty denotes the share of revenue that is paid to the mineral owner, and the primary term specifies the date by which the firm must complete a well, lest it lose the...

Formate fluids are considered as one of the most efficient drilling fluids in petroleum industries, especially in shale to minimize the drilling inefficiencies during the operational performances. The objective of this study is to compare the profound impact of sodium and potassium formate...

This study assesses the overall technical, economic, environmental, and social costs and benefits of the hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”) of natural gas. Drawn from a review of more than 100 studies looking at shale gas in the past 10 years, most of them peer-reviewed, this article begins...

The evaluation and analysis of barriers that restrict the large-scale development of shale gas are beneficial to the selection of a scientific and reasonable development model. The objective of our study was to reveal the key barriers to the large-scale development of shale gas in China. Sixteen...

Oil and gas lease negotiations provide mineral owners the opportunity to negotiate for both compensation and auxiliary clauses that may protect their health and properties. We use optical character recognition to assemble a novel dataset of compensation and specific clauses in nearly 60,000...

We analyze how information disclosure policy affects investment efficiency in non-cooperative settings with information externalities. In a two-firm, two-period model, we characterize equilibrium behavior under policies which disclose whether investment returns exceed a predefined level. These...

Pennsylvania imposes bonding requirements to incentivize operators to take proper precautions when they choose to abandon an oil or gas well. Bonding requires operators to set aside funds before drilling a well, which are forfeited to the state if the well is improperly abandoned. The relatively...

Pennsylvania has the longest history of oil and gas drilling in the world, and the state's governance of the industry has matured and continues to evolve. The long history of policy development provides a panoramic perspective useful for the governance challenges of ensuring responsible oil and...

In many industries firms can learn about new technologies from other adopters; mandatory disclosure regulations represent an understudied channel for this type of social learning. We study an environmentally-focused law in the shale gas industry to examine firm claims that disclosure...

We evaluate the impact of the credit conditions facing corporations on their emissions of toxic air pollutants. Exploiting cross-county, cross-time shale discoveries that generated liquidity windfalls at local bank branches, we construct measures of (1) the degree to which banks in non-shale...

This paper suggests that the environmental and commercial features of shale gas extraction do not warrant a significantly different fiscal regime than recommended for conventional gas. Fiscal policies may have a role in addressing some environmental risks (e.g., greenhouse gases, scarce water,...

In many industries firms can learn about new technologies from other adopters; mandatory disclosure regulations represent an understudied channel for this type of social learning. We study an environmentally-focused law in the shale gas industry to examine firms' claims that disclosure...

We evaluate the impact of the credit conditions facing corporations on their emissions of toxic air pollutants. Exploiting cross-county, cross-time shale discoveries that generated liquidity windfalls at local bank branches, we construct measures of (1) the degree to which banks in non-shale...

Introduction: beyond the boom -- The shale boom in historical perspective -- Local jurisdictions and variation in state law in the Marcellus Shale region -- How the legal framework of fracking in Appalachia disserves the poor -- Framing fracking through local lenses -- Using boomtown models to...

This paper provides one of the first detailed surveys of current oil and gas and hydraulic fracturing (also called fracing, fracking, or hydrofracking) regulation. It identifies and compares the environmental laws and regulations that apply to most stages of the oil or gas development process in...

Drilling in shale formations rich in oil and gas has caused the U.S. to become the global leader in hydrocarbon production, but the growth has come with environmental and public infrastructure costs. States have been slow to introduce taxes to pay for impacts, fearing a decline in...

Horizontal drilling together with hydraulic fracturing has become a very effective mechanism for the extraction of natural gas in several shale plays in the United States. Efficient horizontal drilling, however, generally requires operating in a “unit,” across the property of numerous...

Shale gas is an alternative for conventional energy sources. When extracted in compliance with environmental and sustained development rules, it favors the concept of diversification of energy sources, giving spur to the development of economy and technology, and before all, to the energy safety...