One of the most robust empirical regularities in the political economy of trade is the persistence of protection. This paper explains persistent protection in terms of the interaction between industry adjustment, lobbying, and the political response. Faced with a trade shock, owners of...

The food supply chain has experienced major disruptions from both demand and supply sides during the Covid-19 pandemic. While some consequences such as food waste are directly caused by the disruption due to supply chain inefficiency, others are indirectly caused by a change in consumer's...

Die hohen Inflationsraten seit Frühjahr 2021 lenkten auch neue Aufmerksamkeit auf das Jahrzehnt der 1970er Jahre, in dem Westdeutschland letztmalig für viele Jahre und nicht nur kurzfristig unter hohen Inflationsraten litt. Die Inflationsraten betrugen in keinem Jahr unter 2 %, meist über 4 %...

Recent research finds that markups are rising, suggesting declining competition. But does less price competition mean less Schumpeterian “creative destruction”/industry dynamism? This paper reports the first recent estimates of trends in the displacement of industry-leading firms....

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss whether insurers could have a strong motivation for M&A in the future because they need to survive within the industry under oversaturated market conditions. Recently, Japanese non-life insurance markets, mainly the automobile insurance market,...

Dieser Artikel diskutiert die Gründe der aktuellen Preisverfälle auf Industrierohstoffmärkten, sowie deren volkswirtschaftliche Auswirkungen auf Deutschland und rohstoffexportierende Länder.

We exploit cross-city variation in manufacturing decline and housing market changes during the 2000s, and jointly estimate their effects on non-employment. Both forces strongly affected non- employment between 2000 and 2007, with the increase from manufacturing decline almost exactly offset by...

In this keynote speech at the 2011 meeting of the Italian Association for Industrial Economics and Policy (SIEPI) in Rome, a basic framework to the study of competitiveness was presented together with the main findings of a recent publication on Sectoral Growth Drivers. Members of SIEPI worried...

This chapter provides an economic perspective on merger policy for failing firms and declining industries. It examines the evolution of the failing firm defense and the underlying principles of the defense, including financial condition, exit of assets due to the inability to reorganize, and...

William Baumol and his co-authors have analyzed the impact of differential productivity growth on the health of different sectors and on the overall economy. They argued that technologically stagnant sectors experience above average cost and price increases, take a rising share of national...

Enterprise and industrial policies required a detailed understanding of the competitive process at the level of individual industries. This publication identifies the major determinants, patterns and trends in the European Union's competitiveness from a distinctly sectoral perspective. The first...

This volume, the result of the 21st Conference on Postal and Delivery Economics (Ireland, 2013), describes the continuing problem of the decline of the postal sector in the face of electronic competition and offers strategies for the survival of mail services in a digital age. The 25 original...

We examine turbulence over the product life cycle using the lowest possible level of industry aggregation, allowing for the use of panel data to study the evolution of single product markets. We find that replacement of exiting firms by subsequent entry plays a primary role in generating...

William Baumol and his co-authors have analyzed the impact of differential productivity growth on the health of different sectors and on the overall economy. They argued that technologically stagnant sectors experience above average cost and price increases, take a rising share of national...

Departing from research on expanding, high-technology industries, we study the impact of agglomeration in a declining, low-technology industry. The setting is U.S. footwear manufacturing between 1975 and 1991, when import competition rendered local support critical for survival. We examine how...

Recent empirical work suggests that declining industries lobby more successfully for policy concessions than do growing industries. This paper presents a novel and simple explanation for this phenomenon. It is shown that an industry in decline is constrained in its ability to raise revenue...

This paper presents a simple North-South model of endogenous growth, based on learning by doing, which is consistent with the following empirical observations: (i) the price of investment goods relative to consumption goods has been falling for the last 40 years in most industrialized countries,...

According to Stigler [1951], vertical disintegration should be the typical development in growing industries, vertical integration in declining industries. The basic argument is that firms will spin off production stages subject to increasing returns to scale in response to market growth. This...

The paper uses a political economy framework to explain the empirical observation that trade protection is persistent. The assumptions that are shown to generate endogenous tariff persistence in the model are quite plausible: Agents are uncertain about future prices, tariffs are affected by...