Software IP Auditing is a comprehensive review of a company's software-related intellectual property assets. It involves assessing the company's software code, third-party libraries, open-source components, and other software-related materials to identify potential Intellectual Property risks...

Software IP Auditing is a comprehensive review of a company's software-related intellectual property assets. It involves assessing the company's software code, third-party libraries, open-source components, and other software-related materials to identify potential Intellectual Property risks...

I use administrative data on artificial intelligence (AI) software created in Brazil to study its effects on the labor market. Owing to a unique copyright system, Brazilian firms have registered their software with the government since the 1980s, creating a detailed record of nearly all...

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face substantial barriers in accessing reliable and cost-effective IT infrastructure, primarily due to economic constraints and limited technical resources. Hybrid cloud computing solutions, including infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a...

Although recent studies have examined collaboration within open-source software projects, the focus has primarily been on their motivations and governance. This study explores the complex dynamics of trust and involvement among Cameroonian software developers in open-source projects. In the...

This paper examines the changes in the innovation ecosystem of the German automotive industry for the technology field of automotive software from the perspective of individual firms. The change of the innovation ecosystem of the German car industry through introduction of software-defined...

We study how the demand for programming skills has impacted inequality. We create a new dataset with information on wages, employment, and software of Brazilian programmers, covering the period from the birth of information technology (IT) to the rise of artificial intelligence (AI)....

This study investigates the effects of sponsorship-based funding on open-source software contributors within a knowledge-sharing ecosystem. Specifically, we examine the influence of sponsorship on contributors' activities on the host platform, where funding is received, as well as on a...

Globalization has led to the decentralization of research and development (R&D) activities by multinational enterprises (MNEs). Investment in these activities is affected by both the host-country environment and the investment strategies of the entrant MNEs. Using data on greenfield R&D...

Process optimization is of paramount importance for small software firms to achieve enhanced efficiency, productivity, and competitiveness. This abstract provides a concise overview of the concept of process optimization in small software firms. It highlights the challenges faced by these...

Large platforms are often accused of refusing to serve (or discriminating against) competing sellers in adjacent product markets. Antitrust law labels such activity a unilateral “refusal to deal” (RTD) and evaluates it under a predation-like framework shaped by the two leading RTD cases,...

This paper performs a forensic analysis of Microsoft Corporation’s transfer pricing cost sharing arrangement based on forensic economic analysis of public and information, including Microsoft’s SEC and foreign country regulatory filings, documents disclosed during a recent federal court...

This case examines the accounting for Microsoft's $27 billion acquisition of LinkedIn in 2016. At that date, LinkedIn's shareholder equity was about $5 billion. The case illustrates how, under GAAP, recorded assets are substantially revalued at the date of acquisition. It also illustrates two...

The United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) and three overlapping groups of states have filed federal antitrust cases alleging Google has monopolized internet search, search advertising, internet advertising technologies, and app distribution on Android phones. In this Article, we focus...

Private equity (PE) firms increasingly drift toward investing in software companies. In this paper, we empirically examine this trend and compare software drifts to general style drifts. We use an unbalanced panel of more than 7,000 PE firms that made investments between 1985 and 2020. Our...

The U.S. federal government has brought major antitrust cases against Microsoft and Google. Regulators likely don’t expect to win either case outright, but the government doesn’t need to win these cases for them to have an impact. For one, an aggressive litigation strategy can provide a...

Free Open-Source Software (FOSS) is essentially seen by many organizations as a key pillar for accelerating technological innovation. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which factors such as cost and quality of the system, as well as usability, interoperability, and security, influence...

The rise in cyberattacks over the past two decades spurred interest in policies improving cybersecurity. One focus of that research is how to create incentives for software vendors to release updates fixing vulnerabilities in their software. An important consideration that has received far less...

I analyse US Big Tech strategies to dominate frontier artificial intelligence (AI) by quantitatively and qualitatively comparing how they manage knowledge in their respective AI corporate innovation system (CIS). I propose “frenemies” to describe Microsoft’s strategy because many Chinese...

Stability and Understandability are two important aspects of software architecture quality measurement. Stability refers to the degree to which software architecture is resistant to change. A stable architecture is one that can accommodate changes with minimal impact on the overall system. In...

Purpose Although Public Research Institutions (PRIs) are large technology producers, they lack automated information tools that follow technical and scientific criteria for assessing and valuing patents. The assessment and valuation processes are stages of technology transfer (TT) that make it...

Smart supply chain is a must, not a choice, in the age of Industry 4.0 to meet global demands. This paper attempts to classify how Artificial Intelligence (AI) contributes to smart supply chain organization by systematically reviewing the existing literature. The article focuses on addressing...

Modern software development involves collaborative efforts and re-use of existing software packages and libraries, to reduce the cost of developing new software. However, package dependencies expose developers to the risk of contagion from bugs or other vulnerabilities. We study the formation of...

The World Economic Forum held in Davos, Switzerland in January this year raised a global issue by suggesting a new subject, “Mastering of the Fourth Industrial Revolution”. Compared to the previous subjects which were general economic issues such as low economic growth rate, interregional...

Chapter1: Motivation and Chapter Overview -- Chapter2: Cloud product strategy, vision, market positioning, and pricing -- Chapter3:Understanding Product Strategy and Roadmaps -- Chapter4: The Challenges of User Research in Product Management -- Chapter5: Integrating the Voice of the Customer in...