Consumer engagement is defined as a multidimensional concept in this study via the identification of members of a sports club social network and consumer identification with a sports club brand on social networks. Hence, the study focuses on sports clubs that engage with their customers through...

Purpose - This study examines the role of market orientation in the relationship between internal marketing and entrepreneurial orientation within private sports clubs. Design/methodology/approach - The research is a descriptive-correlational study based on private sports clubs employees within...

The controversy around the breakaway European Super League, set to conquer the UEFA Champions League, and the surrounding antitrust proceedings revive the academic discussion about the monopoly power of sport-internal governing bodies (like the UEFA), the justification for and limits of their...

The current study explores direct spending profiles of sport event tourists in a very small rural destination as an alternative to the multiplier effect economic impact studies. Sport event tourism has been used as an economic engine tool by a variety of destination sizes but has been neglected...

Switzerland is home to numerous international sports organisations and federations. They represent a major measurement challenge for statisticians in Switzerland because of their cyclical and increasingly important revenues generated by the staging of major sports events. By influencing Swiss...

There are noticeable conceptual differences between competing concepts for organizing the highest level of European Football. One major conceptual controversy is concerned with the question whether fans have a stronger preference for (more) games between the top teams over a broad participation...

Ticket sales remain a significant source of revenue in professional team sports. However, season ticket revenue, as an effective risk-reducing instrument, is rarely analyzed in the literature. This study aims to determine, from a price and product perspective, the extent to which different...

This article addresses application of copyright protection to sports video games, discusses relevant important issues, and is aimed at disclosing intellectual property approaches applicable to the various elements of that entertainment and sports technology. The main focus is put on issues such...

Sponsorship income is one of the most important revenue sources for professional soccer clubs operating in the European top leagues. In light of the media attention that the Colin Kaepernick case and the Black Lives Matter movement have gained world-wide in recent times, the study at hand...

Tickets to popular elimination style tournaments (e.g., NFL Super Bowl) are expensive and scarce. Sports organizations sell these tickets well in advance of the final game. Fans hesitate to buy them because they are unsure about whether their favorite team will play in it. We present two...

This paper provides an economic analysis of fan tokens, which are collectible utility tokens issued by sports clubs. We document that fan token prices are highly volatile and substantially riskier than those of established cryptocurrencies. For a subset of publicly listed clubs, we find that...

Beauty has been used as a fast and frugal heuristic, and therefore an important determinant of choice, as highlighted in research by Hamermesh. In a world of asymmetric information, beauty represents a proxy for objective characteristics or an object of desire, according to an individual's...

For football executives, understanding the determinants of spectator no-show behavior better is of utmost importance. Recent research efforts, however, have primarily focused on exploring the potential effects of determinants that the club management can hardly influence (e.g., potential...

We analyze attendance of professional football matches in England finding that it is related to unemployment over a very long period of time. More unemployment leads to lower attendances. Distinguishing between leagues, we find that the relationship is larger for lower leagues, i.e. attendance...

Between sports and happiness. Using longitudinal data from the German Socio- Economic Panel (GSOEP), we find a positive correlation between sports participation and reported life satisfaction. This relationship is stronger at younger and older ages than in middle age, and for people in bad...

This study investigates the effects of team identification on consumer purchase intention in sports influencer marketing in South Korea. Specifically, it examines the mediation effect of ad content value moderated by sports influencer credibility in the relationship between team identification...

The paper aims to examine the role of localness of a sports celebrity and a level of product involvement in the mediated impact of the perceived product quality on the relationship between a sports celebrity's credibility and consumers' purchase intention in a developing economy. A total of 253...

We investigate the relationship between consumer discrimination, racial matching strategies, and employer discrimination in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1985 to 2016. To this end, we assess the extent to which both fan attendance and team performance respond to changes in teams' and their...

Beauty has been used as a fast and frugal heuristic, and therefore an important determinant of choice, as highlighted in research by Hamermesh. In a world of asymmetric information, beauty represents a proxy for objective characteristics or an object of desire, according to an individual's...

We analyze attendance of professional football matches in England finding that it is related to unemployment over a very long period of time. More unemployment leads to lower attendances. Distinguishing between leagues, we find that the relationship is larger for lower leagues, i.e. attendance...

This Chapter deals with the ethical dimension of sports, which is extremely complex and variegated and involves a plethora of issues: drugs; match-fixing; corruption; age limit; gender discrimination; youth and young athletes; athletes with disabilities; professionals vs. amateurs; use of...

Morally speaking, employing Performance-Enhancing Medicines (PEMs) in sports is not acceptable because using these medicines in sports competitions is associated with negative legal consequences. However, due to rapid advances in the genetic modification technologies, there is a fear that these...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitude towards advertising that promoted by sports’ endorsement in social media. The present study was correlation research. The statistical population was Iranian university students. A total of 236 questionnaires were collected using...

The Olympics is presently the largest and most popular sporting and cultural activity in the world and considered a model to many other championship activities based on its structured organisation, regulation and governance. It is evidently a tool for the development of sports laws at national...

This research aimed to determine the Influence of Advertising on Consumer based Brand loyalty in sports shoe business. The objectives of this research were 1) To determine stimulus of promotion on brand loyalty. 2) To determine influence of advertisement on brand trust, perceived quality. 3) To...

This paper study the factors influencing buying international sports shoes. There are four different brands of international sports shoes were selected for this study are Nike, Puma, Adidas, and Reebok. The data was collected from international branded sport shoe users. Radar chart, Hendry...

Legal sports wagering has been rapidly expanding across the United States since 2018. In the wake of the Supreme Court’s Murphy decision more than twenty states have legalized sports betting and billions of dollars have followed the cascades of legalization. As the legal market continues to...

Sports marketing at the centre of different markets -- Basics of sports marketing -- Performance aspects in sports marketing -- Prices and contracts in sports marketing -- Communication topics in sports marketing -- Distribution channels in sports marketing -- Perspectives of sport -...

Sport marketing analyses : an introduction / Kevin K. Byon, Brian H. Yim and James J. Zhang -- Application of structural equation model in sport marketing analyses / Kevin K. Byon, Brian H. Yim, Junying An and James J. Zhang -- Disruptive technologies on sport event marketing : new centrality of...

"This book examines the initial impact of the coronavirus pandemic on global sport and the varying consequences of the sport shutdown on all levels of society. It also considers the 'way out' for stakeholders and how they can attempt to get back to where they were before the pandemic. Featuring...