Das ifo Institut befragt im Auftrag von Randstad Deutschland quartalsweise bis zu 1 000 deutsche Personalleiter*innen. In jedem Quartal werden in wechselnden Sonderfragen aktuelle arbeitsmarktrelevante Fragestellungen untersucht. Die Sonderfragen der Befragung im ersten Quartal beschäftigten...

This paper aims to examine the challenges of expanding access to an affordable electricity supply for rural households by addressing the subsidies and cost recovery of the existing tariff policy in the context of Uttar Pradesh (UP), India. The study used household survey data to assess the...

In this study the impact of car scrappage schemes is reassessed and disentangled for six OECD countries, namely Japan, Germany, South Korea, the Slovak Republic, the United Kingdom and the United States, following a rather novel empirical approach, the Synthetic Control Method using Time Series...

The paper studies the use of emission taxes and feed-in subsidies for the regulation of a monopoly that can produce the same good with a technology that employs a polluting input and a clean technology. In the first part of the paper, we show that the efficient solution can be implemented...

The Atkinson-Stiglitz theorem on uniform consumption taxation breaks down if prices are endogenous. This paper investigates the implications for optimal food subsidies in China. To do so, we build a general equilibrium model where low-skilled workers have a comparative advantage in the...

NGOs place much emphasis on the provision of diverse relevant training, counselling, mentoring, and financial empowerment in cash and equipment grants, loans and subsidies that made little or no impact on the lives of beneficiaries and the economy. Hence, this study examined the impact of...

This paper examines the impact of the regional cash subsidies which were granted in some districts in addition to the national universal stimulus payment in South Korea related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluate the effects of the cash distribution per resident on aggregate credit and debit...

This report brings together findings from the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) evaluation relating to biomethane installations, with detailed evidence for applications made after December 2016. Evidence sources include RHI administrative data, RHI applicant surveys and interviews, market analysis...

Durch staatliche Clusterpolitik wird die Forschung- und Entwicklung (FuE) von privatwirtschaftlichen Unternehmen und öffentlichen Institutionen gefördert, wenn lokale Kooperationspotentiale nicht genutzt werden und geringe FuE-Ausgaben die Folge sind. Durch optimale Ressourcenallokation soll...

This paper analyses the impact of the Italian Startup Act which entered into force in December 2012. This public policy provides a unique bundle of benefits, such as tax incentives, public loan guarantees, and a more flexible labor law, for firms registered as "innovative startups" in Italy....

Many countries subsidize homeownership, and Germany is no exception. However, for an interlude of 12 years Germany also paused its subsidy. Over these twelve years most of the country's 100 largest cities saw their central city population expand. We explore subsidy removal's role in center...

We analyze the demographics of zombie firms and durations of zombie spells as well as their determinants, including an application on public subsidies using firm level population panel data from Finland. Firm-level analysis of firm demographics reveals that zombie-firms, as commonly defined in...

We show how policies to trigger clean technologies change price competition and market structure. We present evidence from electricity markets, where regulators have implemented different policies to subsidize clean energy. Building on a multi-unit auction model, we show that currently applied...

The need to pay some attention to the issues of investment processes undertaken in enterprises and explore this topic is a direct result of the important role that enterprises play in the economy-with particular emphasis on the SMEs. From the company's point of view, it is crucial to obtain...

This policy report provides an overview of firm R&D support policies used by European countries, reviews the empirical evidence on the effectiveness of these policies, and discusses implications for policy. Existing literature suggests that firm R&D support policies stimulate private R&D within...

Swiss climate policy consists of three regulatory instruments for greenhouse gas emissions reduction: A CO 2 levy, the Swiss Emissions Trading System (CH EHS), and an additional nonEHS" program for medium-sized plants that consists of command-and-control elements plus a sizeable abatement...

Governments often aim to influence the amount and sectoral allocation of private investments through explicit or implicit subsidies. The rules used to select projects to benefit from subsidies may vary, depending on the policy objective. This paper develops a general framework to allocate...

The premise of this paper is that state aid to distressed companies should benefit not only the current owners but also the employees, who are the ones taking personal risks to continue or restart companies. Government aid during the Great Recession was aimed primarily at restoring the status...

We look at the impact of intermediated funding provided by the European Investment Bank (EIB) on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the 28 member countries of the European Union between 2008 and 2014. We use a combination of propensity score matching and...

This paper exploits several reforms of wage subsidies in the framework of the German Minijob program to investigate substitution and complementarity relationships between subsidized and non-subsidized labor demand. We apply an instrumental variables approach and use administrative data on German...

As work changes, firm-provided training may become more relevant for good economic and social outcomes. However, so far there is little or no causal evidence about the effects of training on firms. This paper studies a large training grants programme in Portugal, contrasting successful firms...

The Child and Dependent Care Credit (CDCC), a tax credit based on taxpayers' income and child care expenses, reduces families' child care costs. The nonrefundable federal CDCC is available to working families with children younger than 13 years old in all states, and nearly half of states...

The effect of subsidy on firms' market power is controversial and unclear. In this article, we investigate such effect through an unbalanced panel data at firm level. Empirical results indicate that subsidy weakens the market power of firms subsidized. We then verify our hypothesis for this...

European countries have increasingly adopted wage subsidies for the sector of domestic services to reduce low-skilled unemployment. Yet, empirical evidence on their effectiveness is scarce. In this paper, we use Belgian administrative data to estimate how participation in the subsidized domestic...

This paper presents the findings of the agriculture public expenditure review (PER) for the Russian Federation. It reviews the policy instruments and historical trends in the volumes and composition of budget support and investigates their role in recent agricultural growth. The paper also...

We analyze the distributional effects of the reduction in energy subsidies in Argentina since 2016. As the policy reform also includes the introduction of a scheme to protect less well-off families (social tariff), we also review how well the targeting mechanism works. We apply traditional...