The research question relates to the quantitative impact of government bond purchases of the European Central Bank on inflation and other economic variables at the zero lower bound. At the core is a standard New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model with several financial...

Optimal monetary policy studies typically rely on a single structural model and identification of model-specific rules that minimize the unconditional volatilities of inflation and real activity. In our proposed approach, we take a large set of structural models and look for the model-robust...

This paper examines the dynamics of Keynesian models that incorporate feedback effects from the labor market to income distribution, investment, aggregate demand and output. A baseline version of the model can generate endogenous growth cycles, but cumulative divergence and economic collapse...

This paper analyses the forecasting performance of monetary policy reaction functions using U.S. Federal Reserve's Greenbook real-time data. The results indicate that artificial neural networks are able to predict the nominal interest rate better than linear and nonlinearTaylor rule models as...

This paper analyzes the interest rate setting of the European Central Bank (ECB) both before and after the outbreak of the global financial crisis. In the current monetary policy literature, researchers typically select one Taylor rule-based model in order to analyze the interest rate setting of...

Negative interest rates remain a controversial policy for central banks. We study a novel signalling channel and ask under what conditions negative rates should exist in an optimal policymaker's toolkit. We prove two necessary conditions for the optimality of negative rates: a time-consistent...

We study optimal monetary policy during temporary supply contractions when aggregate demand has inertia and expansionary policy is constrained. In this environment, it is optimal to run the economy hot until supply recovers. Positive output gaps in the low-supply phase lessen the negative output...

The research question relates to the quantitative impact of government bond purchases of the European Central Bank on inflation and other economic variables at the zero lower bound. At the core is a standard New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model with several financial...

Negative interest rates remain a controversial policy for central banks. We study a novel signalling channel and ask under what conditions negative rates should exist in an optimal policymaker’s toolkit. We prove two necessary conditions for the optimality of negative rates: a time-consistent...

We study optimal monetary policy during temporary supply contractions when aggregate demand has inertia and expansionary policy is constrained. In this environment, it is optimal to run the economy hot until supply recovers. Positive output gaps in the low-supply phase lessen the negative output...

Central banks wish to avoid self-fulfilling fluctuations. Monetary rules with a unit response to real rates achieve this under the weakest possible assumptions about the behaviour of households and firms. They are robust to household heterogeneity, hand-to-mouth consumers, non-rational...

For the academic audience, this paper presents the outcome of a well-identifted, large change in the monetary policy rule from the lens of a standard New Keynesian model and asks whether the model properly captures the effects. For policymakers, it presents a cautionary tale of the dismal...

Exploiting confidential data on individual German bank balance-sheets, I analyse what characterises a bank that opts to apply negative interest rates to corporate deposits. The results suggest that banks that are highly exposed to the negative interest rate policy (NIRP), i.e. funded by a larger...

The subject of this paper is the evaluation of monetary policy reaction function on panel data of 37 world economies, both advanced and emerging markets, during the period of 1995Q1 - 2018Q3. The paper aims to evaluate the role and importance of the exchange rate in monetary policy reaction...

Since their inception in 2013, inter partes review proceedings have steadily gained in popularity, killing patents at an astounding rate. It is no wonder that defendants flee to the PTAB when staring down costly patent infringement suits in district court. But IPR institution is not a right; it...

It is well known that the Fed can operate the optimal monetary policy if the Fed is able to trace the Natural-Rate-of-Interest (NRI) successfully. In this sense, it has been wondered if there could be a certain way practically available for the Fed to get it done. It is shown that, based on NRI...

Working with a small-scale calibrated New-Keynesian model, Coibion and Gorodnichenko (2011) find that the reduction in trend inflation during Volcker's mandate was a key factor behind the Great Moderation. We revisit this finding with an estimated New-Keynesian model with trend inflation and no...

This paper seeks to understand the behavior of Greenspan's Federal Reserve in the late 1990s. Some authors suggest that the Fed followed a simple 'Taylor rule,' while others argue that it deviated from such a rule because it recognized that the 'New Economy' permitted an easing of policy. We...

In this study, we compare simple sum and Divisia monetary aggregates under a Taylor rule formation for the U.S. economy to figure out if there exists any improvement in the estimation of inflation and output when a theoretically convincing definition of money i.e., Divisia money, is utilized....

A growing body of evidence finds that policy reaction functions vary substantially over different periods in the United States. This paper explores how moving to an environment in which monetary and fiscal regimes evolve according to a Markov process can change the impacts of policy shocks. In...

Using a series of examples, we review the various ways in which a monetary policy characterized by the Taylor rule can inject volatility into the economy. In the examples, a particular modification to the Taylor rule can reduce or even entirely eliminate the problems. Under the modified policy,...

We estimate the response of interest rates to inflation using data for 18 developed countries since 1915, within 30-year moving windows. Until 1972, interest rates are virtually insensitive to inflation. From then on, the interest-rate response to inflation starts to rise, and monetary policy...

The Taylor Rule is widely considered a useful tool to summarise the Fed’s policy, but the information set employed in practice to assess the state of economic activity is still an object of debate. The contribution of this paper is to provide evidence in favour of the following hypotheses....

Seldom researchers have paid more attention to the impacts of real effective exchange rate regimes on Chinese monetary policy. By building a forward-looking Taylor rule, we have analyzed the relationships between the eight kinds of interest rates and the deviations of the inflation rate from...

This is a technical appendix to a group of papers being prepared, one of which is "Monetary Policy Rules in a Small Forward-Looking Macro Model." The present paper, the first of several, attempts to quantify the relative advantage of simple, Taylor-style interest rate rules vs. feedback rules...

This paper analyses the mechanics of simple interest rate rules for two models----one with backward and the other with forward looking, rational expectations. The approach is to consider policy when faced with a specific task reducing inflation in a stabilizing manner. The two models are: (i)...

An issue with monetary policy rules to guide inflation is the indeterminacy of the price level. In the context of a traditional backward-looking and a modern forward-looking New-Keynesian Phillips curve, this paper examines the dynamic and steady state properties of interest rate rules anchored...

This paper examines the properties of interest rate rules aimed at controlling aggregate price inflation. Policies are compared in two models having either flexible or sticky inflation The latter is assumed to derive from a traditional, adaptive-expectations augmented Phillips curve. The...

This paper analyzes India's monetary policy reaction function in the framework of the Taylor-type rule. The analysis uses quarterly data from the period 1997 Q1 to 2020 Q2. The study indicates the highly smooth interest rate changing behavior of the RBI. The estimation of the policy reaction...