School attendance has become a topic of international concern, particularly in light of the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to long-lasting challenges in attendance (Dee, 2024; Fuller et al., 2024; Lichand et al., 2024; Tomaszewski et al., 2023). Some evidence suggests that...

Switzerland features strong socio-economic segregation and no formal school choice, making residential relocation the only channel through which parents can access preferred schools. Identifying how parents value school attributes is therefore essential but challenging, given that choices bundle...

Switzerland features strong socio-economic segregation and no formal school choice, making residential relocation the only channel through which parents can access preferred schools. Identifying how parents value school attributes is therefore essential but challenging, given that choices bundle...

Work-related burnout and stress-related sickness absence have become increasingly prevalent, but evidence on which workplace features shape workers’ mental health remains limited. Using population-level Swedish register data covering all lower- and upper-secondary teachers from 2006–2024, we...

In this paper, we show that gender gaps in performance observed in high-stakes exams, relative to low-stakes exams, are partially shaped by the context of exam preparation. We examine the role of exam preparation using data from French elite STEM higher education programs. First, we document a...

Prior research has found that boys often outperform girls in high-stakes math exams, raising the question of whether these gender differences under pressure stem from nature or nurture. This relative female disadvantage can influence access to selective university programs and subsequent career...

We study how public school teachers use paid sick leave. Most US sick leave schemes operate as individualized credit accounts: Paid leave is earned, and unused leave accumulates. We construct a unique dataset of daily leave balances and behavior among 982 teachers for 2010–2018. Sick leave use...

Self-led educational technologies have the potential to improve student learning at scale, but sustaining student engagement with these platforms remains a challenge. We present results from an experimental evaluation implemented following the scale-up of a math platform in Peru, where primary...

Human-intensive programs like teacher mentoring face a fundamental scaling problem: evidence shows their impact declines as they expand, and the personalized support that makes them effective becomes prohibitively expensive at scale. This paper explores whether AI-powered tools can help resolve...

Citizenship education helps young people to understand their rights and responsibilities, think critically, act democratically and in a socially responsible way. Active citizenship is grounded in democratic values, enriched by civic knowledge and developed through practical participation. It's...

The development of literacy forms the basis for further learning and linguistic interaction. All teachers are teachers of reading, as better reading and writing skills lead to improvement across subjects. Depending on the context, literacy competence can be developed in the mother tongue, the...

Science skills are essential for critical thinking and problem-solving. As part of the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) competencies, they are essential for lifelong learning and form the basis of more advanced careers in these fields. In the contemporary context of...

Science skills are essential for critical thinking and problem-solving. As part of the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) competencies, they are essential for lifelong learning and form the basis of more advanced careers in these fields. In the contemporary context of...

Mathematical skills underpin logical thinking, financial literacy and informed decision-making in a technology-driven world. They foster problem-solving, critical thinking and prudent risk-taking, and boost career prospects. Low numerical proficiency limits engagement in science, technology,...

Mathematical skills underpin logical thinking, financial literacy and informed decision-making in a technology-driven world. They foster problem-solving, critical thinking and prudent risk-taking, and boost career prospects. Low numerical proficiency limits engagement in science, technology,...

The development of literacy forms the basis for further learning and linguistic interaction. All teachers are teachers of reading, as better reading and writing skills lead to improvement across subjects. Depending on the context, literacy competence can be developed in the mother tongue, the...

Citizenship education helps young people to understand their rights and responsibilities, think critically, act democratically and in a socially responsible way. Active citizenship is grounded in democratic values, enriched by civic knowledge and developed through practical participation. It's...

This working paper explores the multifaceted role of learning outcomes across the continuum of teacher education, spanning initial teacher education, induction, and continuing professional development. Drawing on a literature review and data from 10 case studies conducted as part of Cedefop's...

We use data from a Norwegian field experiment where young students were taught mathematics in small, homogenous groups to investigate how treatment effects varied across middle-achieving students dependent on their rank order and their tutors’ instructional practices. We find that individuals...

Despite widespread concern about teacher shortages, there is limited evidence on when job openings are posted and the supply of individuals applying for those openings. Using detailed job posting and application data from 19 school districts and 24 charter school organizations, we examine the...

Teachers and school heads play a crucial role in delivering inclusive, sustainable, and high-quality education. The EU emphasizes that attracting and retaining qualified educators is a challenge, prompting investment in professional development and remuneration.

The aim of this Toolkit is to introduce students to the topic of democratic participation in the European Union and equip them with the knowledge and skills allowing them to exercise their rights as EU citizens. As part of this exploration, the module focuses on the European Citizens'...

Toxic leadership in educational settings is a pervasive issue that negatively impacts both educators' well-being and organizational effectiveness. While previous research has largely focused on defining toxic leadership traits, fewer studies have examined how contextual factors-such as school...

This paper highlights the role of teacher training in improving educational outcomes in Madagascar. With a low and stagnating Human Capital Index of 0.39 and high learning poverty rates, economic growth is hindered by an inadequately skilled workforce. This paper finds that doubling the share of...

Since 2007, the Ecuadorian government has required teacher candidates to pass cognitive and knowledge tests before they are allowed to participate in merit-based competitions for tenured positions. We evaluate this policy by linking administrative teacher information to data from an experimental...