How has the distribution of unpaid working time between men and women evolved over the last twenty years? Does unpaid working time still disproportionately affect women, more than fifty years after the massive entry of the female labour force into formal employment? And, if so, which market and...

Die Zeitverwendungserhebung ist eine freiwillige Haushaltsbefragung, die alle zehn Jahre in Deutschland durchgeführt wird. Sie gibt Aufschluss darüber, für welche Aktivitäten verschiedene Bevölkerungsgruppen in unterschiedlichen Lebenslagen täglich ihre Zeit aufwenden. Darüber hinaus...

How has the distribution of unpaid working time between men and women evolved over the last twenty years? Does unpaid working time still disproportionately affect women, more than fifty years after the massive entry of the female labour force into formal employment? And, if so, which market and...

Die Zeitverwendungserhebung ist eine freiwillige Haushaltsbefragung, die alle zehn Jahre in Deutschland durchgeführt wird. Sie gibt Aufschluss darüber, für welche Aktivitäten verschiedene Bevölkerungsgruppen in unterschiedlichen Lebenslagen täglich ihre Zeit aufwenden. Darüber hinaus...

I study how the rise in working from home (WFH) affects the gender division of paid and unpaid labor (caregiving, domestic tasks). Identification uses differences in individuals' exposure to the Covid-induced WFH shock, measured by the WFH feasibility of their job in 2019. Using panel data from...

I study how the rise in working from home (WFH) affects the gender division of paid and unpaid labor (caregiving, domestic tasks). Identification uses differences in individuals' exposure to the Covid-induced WFH shock, measured by the WFH feasibility of their job in 2019. Using panel data from...

A comprehensive understanding of economic deprivation requires examining income, the value of unpaid household services, and leisure. These concepts can be understood either through subjective utility or objective indicators such as measurable expenditures and time use, and much depends on how...

Unpaid domestic work is the main part of non-market household production which is not covered by national statistics (GDP). The monetary value of unpaid work is identified within the gross value added (GVA), which is 60-80% of (the invisible) non-market household production. GVA of unpaid work...

A comprehensive understanding of economic deprivation requires examining income, the value of unpaid household services, and leisure. These concepts can be understood either through subjective utility or objective indicators such as measurable expenditures and time use, and much depends on how...

This paper aims to pursue a deeper understanding of gendered within-couple allocation of time into paid work and housework in heterosexual dual-earner couples. Relying on the second wave of Harmonised European Time Use Survey (HETUS) data for 10 European countries, we estimate spousal relative...

This study investigates the dynamics of time allocation within Ethiopian rural households. Analysis of daily time allocation shows a contrast in total work hours between men and women, with women shouldering a significantly higher burden. This disparity suggests an incidence of time poverty...

This report investigates the dynamics of time allocation of men, women, and children in various types of work in rural households in Ghana. Using primary data and the Ghana Time Use Survey (GTUS) 2009, it examines gendered differences in time allocation and the interaction between income,...

This study analyses the time use patterns of men, women and children in rural areas of Uganda. The aims are to 1. Map the gendered patterns of time allocation to paid and unpaid work, total work and leisure. 2. Analyze the differences in individuals' time allocation in various household types...

This chapter argues that gender equality and economic development are tightly intertwined, and that gender aspects should be an essential consideration for economic development. The chapter starts by developing a conceptual framework explaining how gender equality and economic development...

This study investigates the dynamics of time allocation within Ethiopian rural households. Analysis of daily time allocation shows a contrast in total work hours between men and women, with women shouldering a significantly higher burden. This disparity suggests an incidence of time poverty...

This study analyses the time use patterns of men, women and children in rural areas of Uganda. The aims are to 1. Map the gendered patterns of time allocation to paid and unpaid work, total work and leisure. 2. Analyze the differences in individuals' time allocation in various household types...

This report investigates the dynamics of time allocation of men, women, and children in various types of work in rural households in Ghana. Using primary data and the Ghana Time Use Survey (GTUS) 2009, it examines gendered differences in time allocation and the interaction between income,...

This article revisits a central tenet of the welfare state paradox, also known as the inclusion-equality trade-off. Using large-scale survey data for 31 European countries and the United States, collected over a recent 15-year period, the article re-investigates the relationship between female...

This paper aims to pursue a deeper understanding of gendered within-couple allocation of time into paid work and housework in heterosexual dual-earner couples. Relying on the second wave of Harmonised European Time Use Survey (HETUS) data for 10 European countries, we estimate spousal relative...

This chapter argues that gender equality and economic development are tightly intertwined, and that gender aspects should be an essential consideration for economic development. The chapter starts by developing a conceptual framework explaining how gender equality and economic development...

Donations and unpaid working are two important forms of non-market activities that are usually considered separately in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to empirically test hypotheses on determinants of giving to organizations. In particular, the importance of voluntary work for...

EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. The COVID-19 pandemic has made unpaid care more visible through its absence, while also increasing the need for it. Drawing on a range of research projects covering Canada, Germany, Norway, Sweden, the UK and the US, this book...

We examine how position in the life course, time availability, relative resources within a family, and compensatory response (gender display) determined gender inequalities in reproductive work among Brazilian couples in 2019 using panel data from the Brazilian National Household Continuous...

The primary goal of this paper is to examine the factors that bear on the greater participation of women in unpaid activities in India. The study is based on the employment-unemployment survey conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)in 2011-12, and NSS Report Numbers 550 and 559....

We examine how position in the life course, time availability, relative resources within a family, and compensatory response (gender display) determined gender inequalities in reproductive work among Brazilian couples in 2019 using panel data from the Brazilian National Household Continuous...

Donations and unpaid working are two important forms of non-market activities that are usually considered separately in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to empirically test hypotheses on determinants of giving to organizations. In particular, the importance of voluntary work for...

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Households and Living Standards in the Literature -- Chapter 3: The Context of Women’s Work and Household Labour in Japan -- Chapter 4: Housework and the Nature of Consumption Goods -- Chapter 5: Conclusion.

Many countries experience gender differences, of various magnitudes, in the time devoted to paid work (e.g. market work time) and unpaid work (e.g. housework and childcare). Since household responsibilities influence the participation of women, especially mothers, in the labor market, the...

We analyze time use studies to describe how people allocate their time as they age, especially among paid work, unpaid work, leisure, and personal care. We emphasize differences in time allocation between older (i.e., those aged 65+) and younger people; between developed and developing countries;...

Unterschiede in der Zeitverwendung verdeutlichen geschlechtsspezifische Armutsmuster. Diese Dissertation untersucht die Zusammenhänge zwischen Freizeit- und Einkommensarmut und zwischen Einkommensungleichheit und Kohlendioxidemissionen. Regressionen jenseits des Mittelwerts ermöglichen es, die...

In 2021, the entities of the United Nations system in Latin America and the Caribbean that are members of the Working Group on Youth of the Regional Collaborative Platform for Latin America and the Caribbean launched a second online survey. The aim was to assess how young people were living a...

We analyze time use studies to describe how people allocate their time as they age, especially among paid work, unpaid work, leisure, and personal care. We emphasize differences in time allocation between older (i.e., those aged 65+) and younger people; between developed and developing countries;...

Many countries experience gender differences, of various magnitudes, in the time devoted to paid work (e.g. market work time) and unpaid work (e.g. housework and childcare). Since household responsibilities influence the participation of women, especially mothers, in the labor market, the...

This study examines the gender impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the labor market and household wellbeing, using an online survey of the users of Pakistan's largest online job platform. The analysis shows that the pandemic led to an unprecedented level of economic insecurity for employees and...

This study examines the gender impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the labor market and household wellbeing, using an online survey of the users of Pakistan's largest online job platform. The analysis shows that the pandemic led to an unprecedented level of economic insecurity for employees and...