This guide addresses the variety of infrastructural investments that are likely to provide the highest value for improving the performance of Irrigation &Drainage (I&D) as part of the efforts to innovate and modernize. Boosting the performance of I&D schemes requires attention to both on- and...

Some plants may thrive in polluted environments, accumulating high concentrations of metal/loids in their organs. This study investigates for the first time the bioaccumulation and translocation of metal/loids in Typha domingensis spontaneously grown in extremely Fe-rich substrates (38-44% of...

To ensure food security and other social needs, support profitable farms that create jobs, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and bolster resilience to climate extremes and other shocks, agriculture must become more productive, resource efficient, and environmentally sustainable. This...

Tile drainage was first demonstrated in the United States in 1835 as a method to adapt agriculture to excessive water in soils. Subsequently, innovations in coordinated drainage enterprises, engineering, and tile manufacture led to drainage over large portions of the U.S. Midwest and Southeast....

Quality of Work Life (QWL) is being used as a strategic tool to attract and retain the talent. Improving the QWL is one of the competitive factors needing attention in every organization. The purpose of this study is an attempt to analysis the effects on Job satisfaction. The sample was...

The study finds that clientelism may lead to under-provision of services which are deemed to be suitable for decentralisation. Water distribution and drainage services, managed from lower level of municipality, are likely to be affected by clientelism and consequent under-provision. Water...

Organic soils, greenhouse gases, greenhouse effect, global warming, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, agriculture. - To date, there is still a lack of reliable data about fluxes of greenhouse gases and global warming potentials for organic soils to determine the climatic relevance and...

The sector review includes seven chapters and one annex. This first chapter is an overview of agriculture, irrigation and the purpose and content of this report. The second chapter provides a review of the Bank s own strategy and priorities for irrigation and drainage within its portfolio of...

The report consists of an introduction, and three separate, but inter-related parts. The introduction provides an overview of the workshop discussions, arguing that the irrigation sector is blamed for many environmental problems, suggesting to set the right incentives, and regulations, including...

No silver bullet exists to improve cost recovery or water use efficiency of irrigation systems. However, many countries provide examples of successful reforms that policymakers and system managers can draw upon for inspiration and ideas. A successful system will have the appropriate mix of...

Quality of Work Life (QWL) is being used as a strategic tool to attract and retain the talent. Improving the QWL is one of the competitive factors needing attention in every organization. The purpose of this study is an attempt to analysis the effects on Job satisfaction. The sample was...

This paper examines two drastic changes in the performance of local water associations in providing local public goods - appropriate levels of water table - in the reclamation system in the Powiat Pyrzyce in the Voivodship Zachodniopomorski in northwest Poland. Employing an institutional...

We survey landowners to investigate the costs associated with the presence of permanent or seasonal wetland areas in cropland. We find, as predicted by our conceptual model, that dispersion of wetland areas imposes substantial inconvenience costs for producers but that costs respond nonlinearly...

Majority of farmers depend solely on rain water for cultivation of crops, because water is an essential criterion for crop growth. Every community produces both liquid and solid wastes. The liquid portion of the waste is essentially the water supply of the community after it has been fouled by a...

The objective of this paper is to develop guidelines for improving cost recovery and reducing water use per unit of output. The guidelines were developed from a review of studies of irrigation reforms and interviews of 20 World Bank staff members with responsibility for irrigation sector reforms...

From Everglades to sugar bowl and back again? -- The sugar question in frontier Florida -- Securing sugar, draining the 'Glades -- Wish fulfillment for Florida growers : managed market, disciplined labor, engineered landscape -- The Cold War heats up the nation's sugar bowl -- A restructured...

Over the last century, the Everglades underwent a metaphorical and ecological transition from impenetrable swamp to endangered wetland. At the heart of this transformation lies the Florida sugar industry, which by the 1990s was at the center of the political storm over the multi-billion dollar...