Private firms establish relationships with banks in local markets to obtain adequate financing for their operations through credit and loans. As major banks reduced their branch networks in recent years, many firms have lost access to their local bank. We evaluate the impact of a large number of...

The decline in cash use and growing use of digital distribution for retail banking leads to a reduced need for bank branches. Lending to small and medium sized firms (SMEs) has not benefited as much from a digital transformation, and widespread branch closures may reduce their supply of credit....

This paper merges industrial enterprise database, patent database, and financial licensing data to show that more bank branches near a firm promote its innovation. Mechanism analysis suggests that the reason is that more branches around firms reduce their financing constraints rather than their...

Low-income and Black households are less likely to visit bank branches than high-income and White households, despite the former two groups appearing to rely more on branches as means of bank participation. We assess whether unequal branch access can explain that disparity. We propose a measure...

This paper highlights the growing significance of global bank ‘branches’ in the context of financial stability and analyzes the potential risks each local economy may face. Motivated by empirical evidence from a panel of primarily European economies for 2015-2020, I propose a small open...

Does financial deepening affect capital investment by credit constrained firms? We examine this question by exploiting a nationwide branch expansion policy in India that incentivized banks to open branches in "underbanked" districts: districts where the ex-ante bank branch density was less than...

Purpose - Both branch and automated teller machine (ATM) are playing a crucial role in banking coverage expansion in India. People prefer to go to an ATM for withdrawal of money rather waiting in a queue for hours at a branch. Without the existence of a full-fledged brick-and-mortar branch, ATM...

A common tactic to estimate willingness-to-travel exploits variation in the relative proximity of consumers to supplier locations. The validity of these estimates relies on the exogeneity of that consumer-supplier distance. We argue that distance to suppliers is endogenous because suppliers...

Multi-establishment firms account for around 60% of U.S. workers' primary employers, providing ample opportunity for workers to change their work location without changing their employer. Using U.S. matched employer-employee data, this paper analyzes workers' access to and use of such...

We study the spatial expansion of banks in response to banking deregulation in the 1980s and 90s. During this period, large banks expanded rapidly, mostly by adding new branches in new locations, while many small banks exited. We document that large banks sorted into the densest markets, but...

This paper utilizes a unique dataset collected through site visits to extend the analysis of the relationship between the human resource management environment and establishment performance to the service sector, specifically the branch operations of a large bank. Case studies of several...

The aim of this research was to characterize physically, chemically and energetically the branches of A. angustifolia of different dimensions and to compare them with the values ​​described in literature. Thirty branches from fifteen adult native trees were divided into three treatments,...

This is the supplemental material to the paper titled "Branch Expansion versus Digital Banking: The Dynamics of Growth and Inequality in a Spatial Equilibrium Model." It includes additional empirical, theoretical, and quantitative results. It also includes illustration for the numerical...

We study the impact of regulations expanding bank branching in India. We find that public sector banks (PSBs) reduce their lending to poorly performing firms when branching expands in a district. Non-performing loans at PSBs also increase when branching expands. Also, inefficient firms that...

We estimate the effects of Wal-Mart stores on county-level retail employment and earnings, accounting for endogeneity of the location and timing of Wal-Mart openings that most likely biases the evidence against finding adverse effects of Wal-Mart stores. We address the endogeneity problem using...

We develop a heterogeneous-agent model with local spatial markets to study the relationships among bank expansion, growth, and inequality. In the model, households choose their occupations, consumption, and holdings of loans and portfolio assets that vary by liquidity. Banks choose the locations...

We study the process of capacity reduction by multi-plant firms competing in many markets, following a permanent, negative aggregate demand shock. The resulting insight on strategic plant closure is relevant to competition policy. We focus on the measurement of strategic delay in local markets,...

The share of households using mobile banking has increased from 16% to 28% between 2014 and 2019. Using data across all census tracts between 2014 and 2019, we investigate the incidence of mobile banking and its relationship with traditional brick-and-mortar bank branches. First, we document...

Using Spanish confidential supervisory data, this paper examines the effect of geographic and business complexity, their interaction and relative importance for banks’ risk, where the degree of complexity stems from the corporate structure of banking groups affiliates. The results show that...

We develop a heterogeneous-agent model with local spatial markets to study the relationships among bank expansion, growth, and inequality. In the model, households choose their occupations, consumption, and holdings of loans and portfolio assets that vary by liquidity. Banks choose the locations...

We estimate the effects of Wal-Mart stores on county-level retail employment and earnings, accounting for endogeneity of the location and timing of Wal-Mart openings that most likely biases the evidence against finding adverse effects of Wal-Mart stores. We address the endogeneity problem using...