Europa: • Deutschland muss sich wieder als wichtiger Teil und als eine der Führungsnationen der EU verstehen. Die neue Bundesregierung sollte in außenwirtschaftlichen Fragen konsequent europäisch denken und handeln. • Nur ein starker EU-Binnenmarkt schafft Augenhöhe mit den USA und...

Europe: • Germany must once again see itself as an important part of and a leading nation within the EU. The new German government should consistently think and act in a European way on foreign trade issues. • Only a strong EU single market can compete on equal terms with the USA and China....

Die EU-Handelspolitik bewegt sich im Spannungsfeld der strategischen Ziele Wohlstand, Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, Entwicklungsförderung, Nachhaltigkeit und Bildung politischer Allianzen. Vor dem Hintergrund ihrer sinkenden Handelsbedeutung für viele Partner und steigender geopolitischer Spannungen...

The e-commerce sector is rapidly growing globally with the Asia-Pacific region accounting for 58 per cent of global retail e-commerce in 2022, and India, Singapore, China, and Japan leading this growth. The discussion on e-commerce and trade at the global level began in 1998 with the...

This paper examines the evolution of global merchandise trade, between 2010 and 2022, assessing the share of imports subject to regional trade agreements (RTAs). A key question for us is whether the share of merchandise trade subject to preferences has kept pace with the proliferation in RTAs....

The Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN) principle has historically been instrumental in promoting stability and equitable trade conditions. In recent decades there has been a rise in bilateral and regional trade agreements, which deviate from the MFN principle in providing more favourable tariff...

Europe • Germany must once again see itself as an important part of and a leading nation within the EU. The new German government should consistently think and act in a European way on foreign trade issues. • Only a strong EU single market can compete on equal terms with the USA and China....

This paper studies concentration and market power in Chile and Colombia and the role that globalization and automation have had in shaping these two phenomena. Using panels of firm surveys, we compute firm-level markups and industry-level concentration measures. Applying a difference in...

Die EU-Handelspolitik bewegt sich im Spannungsfeld der strategischen Ziele Wohlstand, Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, Entwicklungsförderung, Nachhaltigkeit und Bildung politischer Allianzen. Vor dem Hintergrund ihrer sinkenden Handelsbedeutung für viele Part­ner und steigender geopolitischer...

Adequate policy space is essential for resource-rich countries to move up the value chain and seize the opportunities presented by global decarbonization and the demand for low-carbon technologies. However, WTO rules, investment and free trade agreements (FTAs) deprive nonhegemonic powers of the...

By utilizing panel statistics of 1520 country pairs and economic integration agreements (EIAs) from 2007 to 2017, this paper presents evidence of the effect of EIAs on export margins, i.e., both extensive (firms) and intensive margins (average exports per firm). In doing so, this work adds...

I estimate the effects of two Canadian internal trade liberalizations on plant-level productivity, markups, and exports. In particular, I examine the New West Partnership and Trade Agreement (NWPTA) and the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA), both of which sought to reduce or remove...

The e-commerce sector is rapidly growing globally with the Asia-Pacific region accounting for 58 per cent of global retail e-commerce in 2022, and India, Singapore, China, and Japan leading this growth. The discussion on e-commerce and trade at the global level began in 1998 with the...

(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic severely disrupted global trade, posing challenges for regional trade agreements such as the Pacific Alliance, comprising Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. This study investigates the Pacific Alliance's impact on trade creation and diversion during the...

The EU-SADC Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) is a development-oriented free trade agreement between the European Union (EU) and six Parties of the Southern African Development Community (SADC): Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, and South Africa. It has been provisionally...

The EU-SADC Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) is a development-oriented free trade agreement between the European Union (EU) and six Parties of the Southern African Development Community (SADC): Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, and South Africa. It has been provisionally...

The EU-SADC Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) is a development-oriented free trade agreement between the European Union (EU) and six Parties of the Southern African Development Community (SADC): Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, and South Africa. It has been provisionally...

The EU-SADC Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) is a development-oriented free trade agreement between the European Union (EU) and six Parties of the Southern African Development Community (SADC): Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, and South Africa. It has been provisionally...

Is the harmonization of different food standards between countries in the context of free trade agreements exclusively positive, or is there a risk of high social costs for consumers? The harmonization of different national regulations plays an important role in contemporary trade policy. In...

Over the past 30 years, “deep trade agreements” (DTAs) have proliferated. DTAs go beyond traditional preferential trade agreements focused historically on reducing tariff rates on goods trade, influencing the behavior of exporting firms and multinational enterprises (MNEs) via a broad swath...

The project objective is to assess CSO participation in the EU-SADC EPA signed in 2016 and offer recommendations to enhance CSO roles. The EPA focuses on trade and economic cooperation. Despite its potential, CSO involvement in the SADC region has been minimal. As a result of the inception...

The project objective is to assess CSO participation in the EU-SADC EPA signed in 2016 and offer recommendations to enhance CSO roles. The EPA focuses on trade and economic cooperation. Despite its potential, CSO involvement in the SADC region has been minimal. As a result of the inception...

This report investigates the potential effects of 12 free trade agreements (FTAs) under the current EU trade agenda. For this, it quantifies the cumulated sectoral impacts in terms of bilateral trade, production, demand, and price developments. Moreover, it provides insights on the evolution of...

This report investigates the potential effects of 12 free trade agreements (FTAs) under the current EU trade agenda. For this, it quantifies the cumulated sectoral impacts in terms of bilateral trade, production, demand, and price developments. Moreover, it provides insights on the evolution of...

Protecting biodiversity will require the phase-out of harmful production at a large scale. However, some of these stranded investments will be foreign-owned, and can therefore be protected by the more than 2,600 investment treaties that are in force worldwide. These treaties' compensation...

Trade agreements are powerful drivers of global economic integration, leading to increased trade flows between countries. Usually, trade agreements are extensive documents with hundreds of provisions and different levels of enforceability. Are all these provisions useful, even those that are...