A infraestrutura de transporte no Brasil, bem como as atividades sociais e econômicas que dela dependem, está sujeita a riscos significativos decorrentes de eventos climáticos e desastres naturais. As mudanças climáticas intensificam essa vulnerabilidade, afetando diretamente corredores...

Disaster risk management (DRM) plays a critical role in protecting livelihoods and economies from the adverse impacts of disaster and climate-related shocks, while enabling inclusive and sustained growth. The frequency and severity of disasters is rising, driven by the combined pressures of...

This report takes stock of poverty and labor markets in Myanmar through 2024 prior to the earthquake, assesses the short-term poverty impact of the recent earthquake-which is expected to compound existing vulnerabilities-and highlights the long-term generational income losses resulting from...

Climate change impacts are intensifying worldwide, with the harshest consequences borne by vulnerable developing countries that face high exposure and limited capacity to adapt. Although international agreements commit wealthy donor countries to provide adaptation finance, actual transfers...

Social networks are becoming vital for people to interact with each other, which in turn represent the production of a huge amount of information that can be useful in many contexts (e.g., medicine, natural disasters, commercial purposes, tourism). Nevertheless, analyzing such Big Data for...

State formation through secession often requires two critical steps: building mass support for independence, and engaging in violent conflict against a state resisting territorial loss. Combining satellite data with archival sources, we statistically document how exposure to the 1970 Bhola...

Natural disasters like hurricanes, earthquakes, and floods devastate food supply chains and can threaten food security and public health. These disruptions, from production to consumption, lead to shortages, increased waste, and heightened vulnerability among food-insecure populations. This...

We examine the impact of extreme hydrogeological events on local governments' fiscal responses in Italy between 2016 and 2022, with a focus on how local public finances contribute to disaster resilience. Leveraging the staggered timing of disaster declarations and employing a...

In light of growing concerns over escalating natural disaster risks and persistently low fertility rates, this paper quantifies the causal impacts of tropical cyclones and identifies the pathways through which they influence childbearing decisions among Australians of reproductive age. Using an...

Using data from the World Bank Business Ready (B-READY) 2024 project and the United Nations University's World Risk Index (WRI), this Brief finds that streamlined, transparent building regulations can lower disaster risks across income levels, primarily by enhancing economies' capacities to...

The occurrence of unexpected shocks, such as natural disasters, that destroy physical capital could affect the perception of returns to investment in human capital. This paper tests this hypothesis using a survey conducted in Mozambique while Cyclone Idai hit the country in March 2019. A...

Developing countries are increasingly vulnerable to natural hazards, which cause extensive human, economic, and infrastructural damage. Between 2000 and 2024, over 7,200 disasters in these countries resulted in 1.25 million deaths, affected more than 4.6 billion people, and caused an estimated...

Romania faces rising wildfire risk, with both frequency and impact expected to intensify. In 2021, Romania was identified as one of the countries in the European Union (EU) most affected by wildfires. Despite the country's temperate continental climate, which generally reduces wildfire risk,...

Wildfire risk is increasing in Croatia. Between 2010 and 2021, the cost of damage due to wildfires across the country totaled over Euro 249 million; the 2017 fire season burned 67,666 ha of land and caused an estimated Euro 109 million in losses; and the 2022 season recorded 149 fires. Even...

Croatia faces a complex disaster risk landscape that requires smarter, risk informed planning to strengthen emergency preparedness and climate resilience. The country's seismic vulnerability, diverse geography, and increasing climate related hazards such as floods, wildfires, and landslides pose...

Since its inception in 2008, the Development Policy Financing (DPF) with a Catastrophe Deferred Drawdown Option (Cat DDO) instrument has seen significant expansion across all regions, channeling almost five billion US dollars to support countries in the aftermath of a natural catastrophe. As a...