Our investigation examined the impact of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) activities on corporate financial distress. This research utilised data from companies listed in the FTSE All-Share index from 2014 to 2022 from the Refinitiv EIKON database. We incorporated year- and...

Theory suggests that corporate and sovereign bonds are fundamentally different, also because sovereign debt has no bankruptcy mechanism and is hard to enforce. We show empirically that the two assets are more similar than you think, at least when it comes to high-yield bonds over the past 20...

We develop a simple model of financial intermediation with search and matching frictions between banks and firms. The model links credit market tightness -encapsulating the abundance of credit- to the search and opportunity costs of credit intermediation. Search costs generate lending to...

Theory suggests that corporate and sovereign bonds are fundamentally different, also because sovereign debt has no bankruptcy mechanism and is hard to enforce. We show empirically that the two assets are more similar than you think, at least when it comes to high-yield bonds over the past 20...

This article examines U.S. Treasury securities market functioning from the global financial crisis (GFC) through the Covid-19 pandemic given the ensuing market developments and associated policy responses. We describe the factors that have affected intermediaries, including regulatory changes,...

The period after the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) was characterized by a considerable risk migration within global liquidity flows, away from cross-border bank lending towards international bond issuance. We show that the post-GFC shifts in the risk sensitivities of global liquidity flows are...

Assessing insolvency dynamics is essential for evaluating the financial health of nonfinancial corporations and mitigating macroeconomic and financial stability risks. This study leverages a newly created Statistics Canada dataset linking insolvency records with firm-level financial data to...

Liquidity can evaporate quickly and trigger system-wide stress. This has been observed in several recent episodes, including the "dash for cash" during the COVID-19 pandemic, the liquidity stress faced by GBP funds following liability-driven investment strategies in September 2022, and the...

We examine the differential impact of monetary policy and macroprudential policy on bank lending rates in the euro area, using granular corporate loan-level data for the period 2019- 2023. We find three results: First, consistent with the predictions of a stylized theoretical model of bank...

This study investigates to what extent the significant liquidity injections by the ECB over the past 15 years may have created a dependency by banks on central bank liquidity itself. Following Acharya et al. (2024), I examine whether the ECB's liquidity provision changed banks' incentives to...

Using a large sample of US Bank Holding Companies during 1995-2023, we find that a standard measure of franchise value predicts lower bank capitalization and higher bank risk of insolvency. The franchise value hypothesis (FVH), postulating a negative relationship between bank franchise value and...

The paper investigates the influence of creditor rights reforms on leverage. Based on a partial equilibrium agency cost model, we propose a novel channel running from the owner/manager's private bankruptcy costs to leverage. Such costs mitigate the firms' agency problem toward creditors, thereby...

The study benchmarks four machine-learning algorithms- Random Forest, XGBoost, CatBoost and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks-for forecasting stock market liquidity in Germany's DAX equity market. Using data from January 2006 to May 2025, a Liquidity Score is constructed as a...

The increasing interdependence between non-banking financial institutions (NBFIs) and the banking sector conditions the provision of liquidity in the financial markets. This paper evaluates how the market stress associated to the bankruptcy of one of the most interconnected NBFIs in an emerging...