Дискурсивный анализ в экономике: пересмотр методологии и истории экономической науки. Часть 2 - Иная история и современность

For those who knew the behavioural rules of various participants in the U.S. housing market, it was quite easy to recognize the swelling bubble in this market and predict that it will inevitably burst. And the only ones who could know these rules, except those who directly apply them in practice, were those who did not hesitate to be in direct contact with participants of this market, for example under the form of an interview. Speaking more generally, the social-economic regularities result from the fact that people behave according to certain socially-constructed rules, and these rules are explained, justified, and memorized by telling themselves and others some stories. Taking this into account, we must agree that for the identification of social-economic regularities we must explore and analyse these stories. Modern economics does not study the discourses of economic actors and thereby deprive itself of the ability to understand and predict economic phenomena. The study of discourse is not a deviation from the academic standards which are built into natural sciences, but rather an approximation to it, since almost all social interactions are mediated by language. The article offers an alternative to various types of currently-practiced institutional economics and modern economic discipline areas, such as behavioural and experimental economics. In the first part, which was published in the journal Economic Sociology, a discursive methodology and its application to the analysis of contemporary economic phenomena were characterised. Here is published the second part of this article which is devoted to discourse analysis of history and current state of economic discipline; the revision of “the dispute over methods” (Methodenstreit) is also carried out in this article, and the professional value orientations of the members of modern community of economists are discussed.