Институциональные реформы и гражданская культура

The influence of civic culture is considered on the effective choice of the reform plan which is defined as a sequence of interim institutions that "connects" the initial institution with final, desirable for reformer. Accounting for prevailing values, characteristics of mass behavior and competencies under designing intermediate institutions contributes to the success of reform, whereas ignoring them leads to high costs and dysfunctions. In addition, interim institutions can influence the cultural shifts, causing further advancement or failure of reforms. The validity of these theses is demonstrated in the analysis of the privatization and democratization processes in various countries. The hypothesis is put forward and discussed that, in developing countries, one of the important causes of reform failures is a cultural gap between the elite of society and the mass of citizens.