Стандартная модель международной торговли, теория игр и деиндустриализация российской экономики.

In the modern (economic) world, it is generally accepted that all countries, in order to grow their prosperity as soon as possible, must follow the principles of free trade, open markets, and unhindered movement of goods and capital. What is it based on? On a completely sincere belief in the infallibility of international trade models, which since the beginning of the twentieth century have shown that free trade leads to an absolute optimization of the use of global resources, and due to this, an increase in production and consumption. This paper pursues the following goals. We will first explain to the reader what these models were, how they evolved, and why, under the conditions in which they were created, they did lead to overall economic growth. We will argue that the assumptions on which these models were built are completely inapplicable to the modern world, in which economic development is determined by the presence of high technology. And further, we will show that under more realistic and current assumptions, these same models lead to the opposite result for developing countries. Namely, to increase, not to reduce, the gap between technologically advanced and developing countries.