러시아-우크라이나 전쟁과 중동부유럽 주요국의 지정학적 위기 대응 전략 : 에너지 이슈를 중심으로 (Russia-Ukraine War and Major Central Eastern European States’ Geopolitical Crisis Responses: Focusing on Energy Issues)

English Abstract:2022년 2월 러시아의 우크라이나 침공은 우크라이나의 생존을 위협하는 안보 위기를 초래했다. 우크라이나발 안보 위기는 주변 지역인 중동부유럽의 지정학적 안보 위기를 초래하였을 뿐만 아니라, 유럽 전체 안보 구도도 뒤흔들어 놓았다. 그러나 우크라이나발 지정학적 안보 위기는 통념적 수준의 국가안보 위기 이상을 의미한다. 전통적으로 러시아산 석유 및 천연가스에 대한 의존도가 높은 중동부유럽 지역은 통념적 의미의 안보 위기와 함께 에너지 차원의 안보 위협도 동시에 경험하고 있다. 지정학적 위기의 고조와 중동부유럽의 에너지 이슈의 안보 문제화 속에서 중동부유럽이 경험하고 있는 정치적·경제적·정책적 함의를 고찰하고자 한다.(English Abstract) Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 caused a security crisis threatening Ukraine’s very existence. This security crisis caused severe security issues in Ukraine’s surrounding region, Central Eastern Europe, and challenged Europe’s security architecture. Additionally, Central Eastern European States have experienced energy security issues due to their heavy reliance on Russian oil and natural gas. Central Eastern European states are showing their caution and devising countermeasures according to their practical interests. However, each state has their different historical contexts and practical interests depending on their individual establishments of relationships with Russia. This study particularly investigates the political, economic and policy implications of these Central Eastern European states amid the escalation of this geopolitical crisis and the conundrums caused by energy security issues in the Central Eastern European States. The overall structure of this study is as follows. First, the backdrop upon which the study was conducted and its significance were presented. Second, the theoretical framework of the study was established by reviewing previous empirical studies. Third, the context of the Russia-Ukraine war was provided by tracking the development of bilateral relations and eventually examining the leading causes of this war. Fourth, the regional responses were investigated by examining developments in Central Eastern Europe (Visegrad Four, Romania and Bulgaria), Western Europe and the EU. In this process, this study thoroughly analyzed and compared how these states have responded to possible crises like security and energy issues. Finally, the conclusion of this study summarizes the main points and, additionally, draws geo-economic and geo-political implications and future prospects for Korea