A Common European Identity for European Citizenship?

What sort of shared European identity is required for Union citizenship to be part of a sustainable, just European political and legal order? Which substantive values and beliefs should be shared? And is there a need for “unique” values and beliefs, exclusive among those who share citizenship? Section 1 affirms the need for some shared values. Section 2 explores aspects of such a shared identity. Section 3 denies the need for a shared “thick” cultural identity. Likewise, section 4 questions the need for unique values. Finally, section 5 points to several challenges concerning identity and citizenship in a Union with asymmetric federal elements, especially when it is subject to asymmetric shocks