A comparison between private and public access rules to bottlenecks - experiences and expectations from telecommunication and energy

According to European directives the German state deregulated several sectors which had been protected monopolies for a long time. A regulatory authority was established for the telecommunication sector with the competence to decide about the access conditions to the bottleneck "local loop". If the former monopolist "German Telecom" and a private competitor are not able to agree about access, the regulatory authority will have the right and obligation to finally determine the entrance conditions