A Survey of Coding and Modulation Techniques for Inter-Vehicular Communications

Direct inter-vehicular communication means that there is no infrastructure. This is in sharp contrast to mobile communication within a cellular network or between a moving vehicle and the roadside. It is assumed in this article that the mobile channel between the two vehicles is too rapidly time variable to be possible to measure it in real-time. The natural choice is then to select those coding and modulation techniques for which the knowledge of the channel state is not necessary at both the transmitter and the receiver, that is, to consider only differential and noncoherent communications technologies. As interesting options, the celebrated Golden code and the recently developed Golden-Alamouti space-time trellis coding are also proposed for inter-vehicular communications.