A Tale of Two EC Cases: <i>IBM</i> and <i>Microsoft</i>
Arguably the largest abuse of dominance case in Europe before <i>Microsoft</i> was the <i>IBM</i> case of the early 1980s. Both cases were about interoperability and bundling, and both followed litigation in the United States. Unlike <i>Microsoft</i>, the European <i>IBM</i> case was settled without a decision being taken, so the public record is thin.