An Econometric Analysis of Panel Data for Team Performance, Market Characteristics, and Attendance in the English Premier League

A panel data analysis was used to delineate the effects of selected team and marketplace variables on attendance in the English Premier League (EPL). The results confirmed that (a) winning percentage remained a determinant for increasing attendance; (b) soccer consumers of EPL are from the middle and lower socio-economic classes; (c ) newly built or renovated stadiums were significant in estimating attendance, but its value was within initial few years; (d) a competitive attitude among spectators between rival teams promoted loyalty, team identification, and consequently increased attendance; and (e) a cross-market territories promotion is advisable for sport marketers to increase attendance in EPL games