An Input-Output Analysis of Employment Structure in Turkey:1973 - 1990

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the 1980 liberalization program on the structure of sectoral employment in Turkey. 1973 is a representative year for the inward looking import substitution era (1960-1979) and 1990 for the export promotion era (1980- ). We use semi-closed demand-side and supply-side input-output models to compare the employment generation degrees of the industries in the two periods. Employment linkages indicate that from 1973 to 1990 there has been a significant overall fall in terms of employment generation. Moreover, contrary to expectation the outcome of the 1980 program has been the emergence services with banking being a leader in employment generation.