Analysis of long-term settlements of Shanghai Subway Line 1 based on the in situ monitoring data

The long-term settlements of Subway Line 1 in Shanghai, China, were analyzed based on the in situ monitoring data. The overall line experiences settlements and has characteristics of being obvious inhomogeneous. The accumulated settlements of the running tunnel increase with time. The causes inducing the settlements are complex, and the differential settlements of some places are serious. The inlet and outlet of the subway stations easily undergo differential settlements due to the influence of stiffness reduction. According to the analysis results, appropriate measures should be taken to reduce the settlements of the subway tunnel. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015