Clusters, réseaux d'innovation et dynamiques de proximité dans les secteurs high-tech. Une revue critique de la littérature récente

There has been in recent years a remarkable development of the literature on High-Tech clusters. This research effort has convincingly emphasised the specificity of High-Tech sectors (especially in Information and Communication Technologies and in Life Sciences) and of the spatial and reticular dimensions underlying their innovation dynamics. Despite its richness, however, the approaches that are proposed display a rather heterogeneous picture, which in turn hardens the understanding of the clustering forms and logics at work in these sectors. This article provides a critical reading and a tentative analytical typology of these various approaches that may help for further investigation on High-Tech clusters and a better comprehension of their foundational rationales.