Computer simulation and parameter optimization of phase-locked loops (PLL)

The automatic control and simulation of phased-locked loops (PLL) is treated with particular emphasis on the use of analog, and digital computer simulation techniques. The object is to obtain an adequate mathematical model for the PLL and then to use this model to optimize parameters and investigate pull-in performance. Results are presented for the second-order loop, with ramp, step, random noise and sinusoidal inputs.