Understanding customer behaviour is essential for businesses to align their strategies with consumer preferences, maximize satisfaction, and build sustainable relationships. Customer behaviour analysis examines the psychological, social, cultural, and economic factors influencing how individuals make decisions about products or services. By analysing these behaviours, organizations gain insights into consumer needs, enabling them to design personalized experiences and innovative solutions. This chapter delves into the foundational theories of customer behaviour, such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, the Theory of Planned Behaviour, and Behavioural Economics, to illustrate the complexity of consumer decision-making.