Delayed feedback and detection of weak periodic signals in a stochastic Hodgkin–Huxley neuron

We study the effect of the delayed feedback loop on the weak periodic signal detection performance of a stochastic Hodgkin–Huxley neuron. We consider an electrical autapse characterized by its coupling strength and delay time. The stochastic Hodgkin–Huxley neuron exhibits subthreshold oscillations, and thus has an intrinsic time scale with the subthreshold oscillations. Therefore, we investigate the interplay of the subthreshold oscillations, coupling strength and delay time on the weak periodic signal detection. Results indicate that the delayed feedback either enhances or suppresses the weak signal detection depending on its parameters, when compared to that without the feedback. The delayed feedback augments the weak periodic signal detection for the optimal values of the intrinsic noise and the coupling strength when the delay time is close to the integer multiples of the period of the intrinsic oscillations, due to the multiple resonance among the weak signal, the intrinsic oscillations, and the delayed feedback.