Developments in offline programming: an overview

Outlines the developments and benefits of Off‐line programming for robots. Discusses the importance of accurate calibration and the measurements devices available. Looks at the various software packages for creating and simulating robot programs and discusses the concept of “open systems” which allow the user to the exploit the facilities of the software. Gives examples of software used in robotic arc‐welding systems. Ends with a brief look at application‐specific developments in simulation and Off‐line programming packages.