Discrete choice nonresponse

Missing values are endemic in the data sets available to econometricians. This paper suggests a unified likelihood-based approach to deal with several nonignorable missing data problems for discrete choice models. Our concern is when either the dependent variable is unobserved or situations when both dependent variable and covariates are missing for some sampling units. These cases are also considered when a supplementary random sample of observations on all covariates is available. A unified treatment of these various sampling structures is presented using a formulation of the nonresponse problems as a modification of choice-based sampling. Extensions appropriate for nonresponse are detailed of Imbens' (1992) effcient generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator for choice-based samples. Simulation evidence reveals very promising results for the various GMM estimators proposed in this paper.